{"doi":"10.1038/s41467-025-64954-2","title":"A large-scale multi-ancestry genome-wide association study of chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome in men","abstract":"Chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome is common, and it impacts men's health and quality of life. The genetic basis of this condition remains largely unknown. Here, we conduct a GWAS using data from the Million Veteran Program of over 590,000 men of European, African, and Hispanic ancestry, including 14,575 chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome cases. The multi-ancestry analysis identifies eight novel loci associated with chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome risk, an increase from three significant genome-wide loci found in the European participants alone. We also estimate the genetic correlations between chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome and 12 phenotypes. Notably, the genetic correlation between chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome and prostate cancer is not significant. Further, Mendelian randomization shows a significant, potentially bidirectional causal relationship between chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome and benign prostatic hyperplasia, but not between chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome and prostate cancer, suggesting a complex interplay between chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome and benign prostatic hyperplasia. Results of bivariate causal mixture modeling indicate that some of the same genetic variants likely contribute to the development of chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome, benign prostatic hyperplasia, and prostate cancer.","journal":"Nature Communications","year":2026,"id":10112,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":0.0,"corpus_rank":765,"citation_count":0,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":true,"is_dataset_confidence":0.6514,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2026-01-09","fair_score":41.4583,"fair_percentile":20.734388742304308,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":35439,"name":"Adam X. Maihofer","orcid":"0000-0003-4517-1623","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":35454,"name":"Caroline M. Nievergelt","orcid":"0000-0001-5766-8923","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":85808,"name":"Daniel Dochtermann","orcid":"0000-0001-9513-5124","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":85809,"name":"Armand Gerstenberger","orcid":null,"position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":85810,"name":"Thomas Whisenant","orcid":"0000-0002-2838-1605","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":11352,"name":"Saiju Pyarajan","orcid":"0000-0002-9047-3762","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":85811,"name":"Kristina Allen-Brady","orcid":"0000-0001-9394-5211","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":85812,"name":"John N. Krieger","orcid":"0000-0003-4111-3442","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1100,"name":"Michael J. Owen","orcid":"0000-0003-4798-0862","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":85813,"name":"Niloofar Afari","orcid":null,"position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":85814,"name":"Marianna Gasperi","orcid":"0000-0003-4112-5232","position":12,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":85815,"name":"Adam Maihofer","orcid":null,"position":13,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":85807,"name":"Sara Brin Rosenthal","orcid":null,"position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":51,"raw_metadata":{"citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-03-01T18:20:47.508186Z","pmid":"41513650","pmcid":"PMC12789528","fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":52.5,"fair_a":55.0,"fair_i":25.0,"fair_r":33.3333,"fair_zscore":-0.3395,"fair_rationale":{"fair_score":41.46,"has_llm":true,"dimensions":{"F":{"name":"Findable","score":52.5,"criteria":[{"key":"f_has_doi","label":"Has a persistent DOI","kind":"deterministic","weight":1.0,"fraction":1.0,"signal":"DOI present","rationale":null},{"key":"f_repository_presence","label":"Indexed in repositories / literature DBs","kind":"deterministic","weight":1.0,"fraction":1.0,"signal":"datacite=0, pmcid=True, pmid=True","rationale":null},{"key":"f_persistent_ids","label":"Resolvable scholarly identifiers (OpenAlex)","kind":"deterministic","weight":0.5,"fraction":0.0,"signal":"no OpenAlex id","rationale":null},{"key":"f_metadata_richness","label":"Rich, machine-readable metadata","kind":"llm","weight":1.0,"fraction":0.25,"signal":null,"rationale":"No structured machine-readable metadata (e.g., DataCite schema, RDF, JSON-LD) are provided; only a standard human-readable abstract, tables, and figures are available."}]},"A":{"name":"Accessible","score":55.0,"criteria":[{"key":"a_open_access","label":"Open Access / files deposited","kind":"deterministic","weight":1.5,"fraction":1.0,"signal":"Open Access","rationale":null},{"key":"a_retrievable","label":"Free full text retrievable","kind":"deterministic","weight":1.0,"fraction":0.0,"signal":"0 OA location(s)","rationale":null},{"key":"a_access_protocol","label":"Clear data/code access protocol","kind":"llm","weight":1.0,"fraction":0.5,"signal":null,"rationale":"The data access protocol is described (dbGaP phs001672 with application, FinnGen via registration), but the text does not fully clarify authentication/authorization steps for all resources and does not provide an explicit access protocol for code."}]},"I":{"name":"Interoperable","score":25.0,"criteria":[{"key":"i_linked_data","label":"Linked datasets / DataCite relations","kind":"deterministic","weight":1.0,"fraction":0.0,"signal":"linked_datasets=0, datacite=0","rationale":null},{"key":"i_standard_ids","label":"References data via standard accessions","kind":"deterministic","weight":1.0,"fraction":0.0,"signal":"accessions=0, trials=0","rationale":null},{"key":"i_standards","label":"Standard formats, vocabularies & identifiers","kind":"llm","weight":1.0,"fraction":0.5,"signal":null,"rationale":"Standard GWAS file formats (e.g., summary statistics) and standard ontologies are used implicitly, but the paper does not explicitly state use of standard vocabularies or persistent identifiers (e.g., ORCID for authors) in the output files."}]},"R":{"name":"Reusable","score":33.33,"criteria":[{"key":"r_license","label":"Clear, open reuse license","kind":"deterministic","weight":1.5,"fraction":0.0,"signal":"no license","rationale":null},{"key":"r_downloads","label":"Demonstrated reuse (downloads)","kind":"deterministic","weight":0.5,"fraction":0.0,"signal":"downloads=0","rationale":null},{"key":"r_version","label":"Versioned / maintained","kind":"deterministic","weight":0.5,"fraction":0.0,"signal":"no version chain","rationale":null},{"key":"r_dataset","label":"Classified as a data resource","kind":"deterministic","weight":0.5,"fraction":1.0,"signal":"is_dataset","rationale":null},{"key":"r_reusability","label":"Data-availability statement, license & reproducibility","kind":"llm","weight":2.0,"fraction":0.5,"signal":null,"rationale":"A data-availability statement exists (dbGaP and FinnGen) with a clear license (CC BY 4.0), but the provided text lacks a formal software/code availability statement and does not describe a complete reproducible workflow."}]}},"suggestions":["Provide machine-readable metadata (e.g., schema.org markup or a DataCite JSON) for the dataset.","Include a formal software/code availability statement with a link to a public repository (e.g., GitHub) containing analysis scripts.","Explicitly state the use of standard ontologies (e.g., ICD, HPO, or OBO foundry terms) for phenotype representation.","Add persistent identifiers (e.g., RRID, ORCID) for authors and resources in the Data Availability section.","Ensure the data-access protocol specifies the exact authentication steps and any license restrictions for derived data."],"model":"deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash","agent_version":"fair_agent_v2","fulltext_source":"epmc_xml"},"fair_model":"deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash","fair_agent_version":"fair_agent_v2","fair_fulltext_source":"epmc_xml","fair_has_llm":true,"fair_computed_at":"2026-06-18T06:46:42.176738Z","clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}