{"doi":"10.1038/s41390-024-03777-1","title":"Pediatric SARS-CoV-2 long term outcomes study (PECOS): cross sectional analysis at baseline","abstract":"BACKGROUND: PECOS is an ongoing study aimed to characterize long-term outcomes following pediatric SARS-CoV-2 infection. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional analysis of infected and uninfected cohorts at baseline. Participants (0-21 years) with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection were enrolled as infected. Uninfected were defined as individuals without history or laboratory evidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Outcome measures included demographics, medical history, review of symptoms, physical exam, cardiopulmonary evaluation and validated psychological and developmental surveys. Primary outcomes were cohort comparisons for abnormalities on all measures. RESULTS: 654 participants (541 infected, 113 uninfected) completed baseline visits by June 30, 2023. Infected participants were more likely to report constitutional (OR: 2.24), HEENT (OR: 3.74); respiratory (OR: 2.41), or gastrointestinal (OR: 2.58) symptoms. Infected had worse scores in domains of Pain, Fatigue, Global Health, Physical and Cognitive functioning, Mobility and Sleep disturbances when compared to uninfected controls using Patient Reported Outcomes. Cardiopulmonary findings were similar among cohorts. CONCLUSIONS: The first report of this ongoing longitudinal study demonstrates that infected participants were more likely to report symptoms compared to uninfected controls, which may affect performance and quality of life of these individuals. Longitudinal data will increase understanding of long-term effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection in children. CLINICALTRIALS: gov Identifier: NCT04830852 IMPACT: This study establishes a large, diverse, prospective, longitudinal, multi-center cohort of children with history of SARS-CoV-2 infection compared to an uninfected cohort to be followed for 3 years. Cross-sectional cohort analysis at study entry showed infected participants were more likely to report constitutional, respiratory, and GI symptoms compared to uninfected controls. Infected participants were more likely to have significantly worse parent-reported performance in 6 of 10 Patient Reported Outcome Measures domains. Continued study of this cohort will help identify clinical sequelae of COVID-19, characterize the immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection, and identify potential genetic/immunologic factors associated with long-term outcomes.","journal":"Pediatric Research","year":2024,"id":429624,"datarank":0.37417092760983495,"base_score":2.0794415416798357,"endowment":2.0794415416798357,"self_citation_contribution":0.31191623125197543,"citation_network_contribution":0.06225469635785954,"self_endowment_contribution":0.31191623125197543,"citer_contribution":0.06225469635785954,"corpus_percentile":51.96101183569274,"corpus_rank":6211,"citation_count":7,"citer_count":4,"citers_with_citation_signal":1,"citers_with_endowment":1,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":true,"is_dataset_confidence":0.774,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2024-01-01","fair_score":4.1667,"fair_percentile":4.891470498318557,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":1232298,"name":"Lauren Arrigoni","orcid":"0000-0001-8679-6422","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":734812,"name":"Alexandra B. 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Harahsheh","orcid":"0000-0002-2622-573X","position":20,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":241614,"name":"Linda Herbert","orcid":"0000-0002-8947-6931","position":21,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":864124,"name":"Jeroen Highbarger","orcid":null,"position":22,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1232773,"name":"Saira R. Huq","orcid":null,"position":23,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":227971,"name":"Arthur Ko","orcid":"0000-0002-1523-7225","position":24,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":375795,"name":"Anastassios C. Koumbourlis","orcid":"0000-0002-4400-4885","position":25,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1232299,"name":"Stephanie R. Lacey","orcid":"0009-0003-3046-9141","position":26,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":632960,"name":"Andrew Lipton","orcid":"0000-0003-4937-4145","position":27,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":382521,"name":"Maureen Monaghan","orcid":"0000-0003-1350-7401","position":28,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1232774,"name":"Anta S. 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Pillai","orcid":null,"position":31,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":427793,"name":"Catherine Rehm","orcid":"0000-0003-2049-5824","position":32,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":103418,"name":"Craig Sable","orcid":"0000-0002-6798-2737","position":33,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":280938,"name":"Vandana Sachdev","orcid":"0000-0002-1168-5055","position":34,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":272285,"name":"Audrey Thurm","orcid":"0000-0002-0489-9485","position":35,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":422855,"name":"Uyen Truong","orcid":"0000-0002-5546-9266","position":36,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":110306,"name":"Evrim Türkbey","orcid":"0000-0002-5216-3528","position":37,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":282709,"name":"Éric Vilain","orcid":"0000-0002-5557-3709","position":38,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":927278,"name":"Shera Weyers","orcid":null,"position":39,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1232775,"name":"Jacob S. White","orcid":null,"position":40,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1232776,"name":"Abigail A. Williams","orcid":null,"position":41,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":315297,"name":"Jonathan Zember","orcid":"0000-0002-6522-4713","position":42,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":49901,"name":"Chen Liang","orcid":"0000-0002-9803-9880","position":43,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":94486,"name":"Meghan Delaney","orcid":"0000-0003-1089-5787","position":44,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":797318,"name":"Mark L. Batshaw","orcid":"0000-0001-7557-0700","position":45,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":231247,"name":"Luigi D. Notarangelo","orcid":"0000-0002-8335-0262","position":46,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":542160,"name":"David Wessel","orcid":null,"position":47,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":218244,"name":"Karyl S. Barron","orcid":"0000-0002-6925-6130","position":48,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":94487,"name":"Roberta L. 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A reader reproducing your work against 'the current release' is reproducing it against a different dataset.","anchors":["yes","partial","no"],"verdict":"no","current":0.0,"evidence":null,"why":"The paper uses a date cut-off (June 30, 2023) for baseline visits, which pins the snapshot of the data; no version token is given. [downgraded to 'no' — no verifiable quote from the paper] [majority verdict 'no' (4/5 passes agreed)]","gain":4.17,"priority":"useful","scored":true},{"key":"f_data_availability_statement","dimension":"F","label":"Data-availability statement","action":"Replace the statement with the repository template: name the repository and give the accession or DOI (Colavizza category 3). This is the only DAS class associated with a measured citation advantage; 'available on reasonable request' and 'within the article' are not.","anchors":["yes","partial","no"],"verdict":"no","current":0.0,"evidence":null,"why":"The data availability statement declares the data are not publicly available and will not be provided, offering no route of any kind, which corresponds to Colavizza category 0.","gain":0.0,"priority":"essential","scored":false},{"key":"f_discovery_metadata","dimension":"F","label":"Description of the dataset as an object","action":"Add a 'Data Records' section: itemise every file in the deposit and every variable or sample it holds, with counts and units. Describe the dataset as an object in its own right, not as a by-product of the findings — this is what makes it discoverable to someone who is not looking for your paper.","anchors":["yes","partial","no"],"verdict":"no","current":0.0,"evidence":null,"why":"The paper describes the dataset content (demographics, symptoms, etc.) only in running prose within the methods section; there is no itemised inventory, table, or section heading that lists files or variables. [downgraded to 'no' — no verifiable quote from the paper] [majority verdict 'no' (3/5 passes agreed)]","gain":0.0,"priority":"essential","scored":false},{"key":"a_access_conditions_stated","dimension":"A","label":"Access level labelled","action":"State the access level in words, using the standard vocabulary: 'These data are open access' / 'These data are controlled access'. A reader — and a harvester — should not have to infer the access level from the presence of a download link.","anchors":["yes","partial","no"],"verdict":"no","current":0.0,"evidence":"The datasets generated during and or analyzed during the current study are not publicly available due as the study is currently in progress and the datasets are continuously updated. Individual patient/participant data will not be provided at the time of publication.","why":"The paper states the data are not publicly available but does not apply an explicit access-level label from the standard vocabulary. [majority verdict 'no' (3/5 passes agreed)]","gain":0.0,"priority":"important","scored":false},{"key":"r_documentation_codebook","dimension":"R","label":"Documentation / codebook","action":"Ship a README and a data dictionary IN the deposit — every file, every variable, its units, its allowed values, its missing-value codes. It is the cheapest single thing that makes a dataset usable by someone who was not in the lab, and a table buried in the article does not travel with the data.","anchors":["yes","partial","no"],"verdict":"no","current":0.0,"evidence":null,"why":"The paper does not mention any documentation object (README, data dictionary, codebook) that travels with the data, and the data are not released; variable definitions are only in the methods and supplementary materials, but not as a dedicated codebook. [majority verdict 'no' (4/5 passes agreed)]","gain":0.0,"priority":"important","scored":false},{"key":"a_controlled_access_for_sensitive","dimension":"A","label":"Gatekeeper for sensitive data","action":"Route sensitive data through an institutional gatekeeper — deposit in a controlled- access repository (dbGaP, EGA) with a Data Access Committee and a published DUA — rather than through the corresponding author's inbox. An author-gated dataset dies with the author's email address, and 'on reasonable request' has been shown repeatedly not to yield data.","anchors":["yes","partial","no"],"verdict":"no","current":0.0,"evidence":null,"why":"The data are not accessible and no gatekeeper is named; the paper only mentions IRB approval for the study itself.","gain":0.0,"priority":"useful","scored":false},{"key":"i_qualified_references","dimension":"I","label":"Identifiers for the resources the data depend on","action":"Cite by identifier every resource the data depend on — the source datasets' accessions, the reference build (GRCh38 / GCA_000001405.28), the cohort application number, the code DOI — and register those relations on the dataset record (IsDerivedFrom, IsSupplementTo). A name is not a link: it cannot be resolved, versioned, or followed by a machine.","anchors":["yes","partial","no"],"verdict":"no","current":0.0,"evidence":"ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04830852","why":"The only identifier for an external resource is the trial registration number, which is not a dataset or code resource; no other identifiers (e.g., for source datasets, reference genomes, or code) are given.","gain":0.0,"priority":"useful","scored":false},{"key":"a_timeline_retention","dimension":"A","label":"Availability timing & retention","action":"State when the data become available AND how long they will be retained — cite the repository's preservation policy. NIH DMS Element 4 asks for both; most papers give neither.","anchors":["yes","partial","no"],"verdict":"no","current":0.0,"evidence":null,"why":"The paper does not state any retention period, availability timing, or persistence commitment; it only says the data are continuously updated and not provided.","gain":0.0,"priority":"useful","scored":false}],"suggestions":["Mint or cite a persistent identifier for the dataset — a repository DOI or an accession from a registered repository — and print it in the paper. A bare URL is not persistent: it is the single most common cause of a dead data link five years after publication. For neuroimaging data, deposit in OpenNeuro or NeuroVault.","Deposit the data in a repository registered in re3data/FAIRsharing (a domain repository such as GEO, SRA, dbGaP, PRIDE, or a generalist such as Zenodo, Dryad, Dataverse) and name it explicitly in the paper. A lab website is not an archive: it has no retention commitment and no accession. For neuroimaging data, deposit in OpenNeuro or NeuroVault.","Remove the precondition or justify it. Release the data at publication with no embargo, no registration wall, and no approval step — NIH's zero-embargo public- access rule (NOT-OD-25-101) has already made 'available at publication' the federal baseline for the article; the data should not lag behind it. For neuroimaging data, deposit in OpenNeuro or NeuroVault.","Attach a standard, machine-readable open licence to the deposit — CC0 or CC BY, which is what Horizon Europe and most funders expect — and print the licence identifier in the paper. 'Free to use' is not a licence: it grants nothing a reuser's institution can rely on.","Cite the dataset in the reference list like a publication — creator, year, title, repository, DOI/accession — and cite it in-text where it is used. Only a reference- list entry is machine-readable to Crossref/DataCite, and only a citation lets the data earn credit. Cite the neuroimaging repository accession (e.g. from OpenNeuro or NeuroVault) in the reference list."],"model":"deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash","agent_version":"fair_agent_v8","fulltext_source":"unpaywall_pdf"},"fair_model":"deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash","fair_agent_version":"fair_agent_v8","fair_fulltext_source":"unpaywall_pdf","fair_has_llm":true,"fair_computed_at":"2026-07-20T12:42:47.635303Z","clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}