{"doi":"10.1038/npg.els.0000544","title":"Protein Synthesis in Eukaryotes: Internal Initiation","abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title>\n          <jats:p>Internal initiation is an alternative mechanism to the general pathway of translation initiation in eukaryotes and involves the internal binding of ribosomes to a specific sequence in the messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) called the internal ribosome entry site (IRES). The mRNA 5′ cap structure and a cap‐binding protein, eukaryotic initiation factor (eIF) 4E, play a key role in the canonical mechanism of translation initiation. However, internal initiation is independent of the cap structure and eIF4E. IRES‐mediated translation initiation has been documented for viral and cellular mRNAs, and functions during mitosis and stress conditions, such as apoptosis and hypoxia.</jats:p>","journal":"Encyclopedia of Life Sciences","year":2001,"id":21360,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":0,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":null,"is_oa":false,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":null,"fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":17875,"name":"Nahum Sonenberg","orcid":"0000-0002-4707-8759","position":0,"is_corresponding":false}],"reference_count":0,"raw_metadata":{"has_enrichment":true,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"views":0,"has_version_chain":false,"is_dataset":false,"is_oa":false,"pmid":"21071399","pmcid":null,"openalex_id":"https://openalex.org/W1558701845","authors":[],"funders":[],"total_grants":0,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"citation_trend":[],"oa_status":"closed","license":"http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/tdm_license_1.1","oa_locations":[{"url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1038/npg.els.0000544","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1038/npg.els.0000544","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/npg.els.0000544","host_type":"journal"}],"fields_of_study":["Viral Infections and Immunology Research","Viral Infectious Diseases and Gene Expression in Insects","Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology","Biology"],"mesh_terms":[],"keywords":["Internal ribosome entry site","EIF4E","Eukaryotic initiation factor","Initiation factor","Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4 gamma","Eukaryotic translation","EIF4A1","Cell biology","Protein biosynthesis","Messenger RNA","Translation (biology)","Ribosome","Biology","Eukaryotic Ribosome","Chemistry","RNA","Genetics","Gene"],"sdg_mappings":[],"linked_datasets":[],"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"database_accessions":[],"source":"live","citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-06-06T15:39:23.064161Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}