{"doi":"10.1037/0003-066x.47.9.1102","title":"In search of how people change: Applications to addictive behaviors.","abstract":"How people intentionally change addictive behaviors with and without treatment is not well understood by behavioral scientists. This article summarizes research on self-initiated and professionally facilitated change of addictive behaviors using the key trans-theoretical constructs of stages and processes of change. Modification of addictive behaviors involves progression through five stages--pre-contemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, and maintenance--and individuals typically recycle through these stages several times before termination of the addiction. Multiple studies provide strong support for these stages as well as for a finite and common set of change processes used to progress through the stages. Research to date supports a trans-theoretical model of change that systematically integrates the stages with processes of change from diverse theories of psychotherapy.","journal":"American Psychologist","year":1992,"id":10562,"datarank":17.466641434010437,"base_score":9.056722883310583,"endowment":9.056722883310583,"self_citation_contribution":1.3585084324965877,"citation_network_contribution":16.10813300151385,"self_endowment_contribution":1.3585084324965877,"citer_contribution":16.10813300151385,"corpus_percentile":90.6,"corpus_rank":1834,"citation_count":8575,"citer_count":194,"citers_with_citation_signal":194,"citers_with_endowment":194,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"1992-01-01","authors":[{"id":87304,"name":"Carlo C. DiClemente","orcid":"0000-0001-9121-1417","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":87574,"name":"John C. Norcross","orcid":"0000-0002-4078-7333","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":87575,"name":"Janice Prochaska","orcid":null,"position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":87303,"name":"James O. Prochaska","orcid":"0000-0002-7004-1348","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":64,"raw_metadata":{"citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-03-01T18:20:47.508186Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}