{"doi":"10.1021/jacs.3c05210","title":"Indolo[2,3-<i>b</i>]quinoxaline as a Low Reduction Potential and High Stability Anolyte Scaffold for Nonaqueous Redox Flow Batteries","abstract":"High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide Redox flow batteries (RFBs) are a promising stationary energy storage technology for leveling power supply from intermittent renewable energy sources with demand. A central objective for the development of practical, scalable RFBs is to identify affordable and high-performance redox-active molecules as storage materials. Herein, we report the design, synthesis, and evaluation of a new organic scaffold, indolo[2,3- b ]quinoxaline, for highly stable, low-reduction potential, and high-solubility anolytes for nonaqueous redox flow batteries (NARFBs). The mixture of 2- and 3-( tert -butyl)-6-(2-methoxyethyl)-6 H -indolo[2,3- b ]quinoxaline exhibits a low reduction potential (−2.01 V vs Fc/Fc + ), high solubility (>2.7 M in acetonitrile), and remarkable stability (99.86% capacity retention over 49.5 h (202 cycles) of H-cell cycling). This anolyte was paired with N -(2-(2-methoxyethoxy)-ethyl)phenothiazine (MEEPT) to achieve a 2.3 V all-organic NARFB exhibiting 95.8% capacity retention over 75.1 h (120 cycles) of cycling.","journal":"Journal of the American Chemical Society","year":2023,"id":327371,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":26,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.955,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2023-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":1047511,"name":"Ryan Walser-Kuntz","orcid":"0000-0002-3150-1161","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1047512,"name":"Jacob S. Tracy","orcid":"0000-0001-9261-7865","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":931063,"name":"Tim K. Schramm","orcid":"0000-0003-3196-6273","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":587170,"name":"James Shee","orcid":"0000-0001-8333-8151","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":31711,"name":"Martin Head‐Gordon","orcid":"0000-0002-4309-6669","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":299418,"name":"Gan Chen","orcid":"0000-0001-5541-6212","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":822441,"name":"Brett A. Helms","orcid":"0000-0003-3925-4174","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":350845,"name":"Melanie S. Sanford","orcid":"0000-0001-9342-9436","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":294870,"name":"F. Dean Toste","orcid":"0000-0001-8018-2198","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1047510,"name":"Wenhao Zhang","orcid":"0000-0002-2145-2570","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":62,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T01:08:42.846627Z","pmid":"37585274","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}