{"doi":"10.1021/acsami.2c15554","title":"Pro-Healing Nanomatrix-Coated Stent Analysis in an <i>In Vitro</i> Vascular Double-Layer System and in a Rabbit Model","abstract":"Cardiovascular stent technologies have significantly improved over time. However, their optimal performance remains limited by restenosis, thrombosis, inflammation, and delayed re-endothelialization. Current stent designs primarily target inhibition of neointimal proliferation but do not promote functional arterial healing (pro-healing) in order to restore normal vascular reactivity. The endothelial lining that does develop with current stents appears to have loose intracellular junctions. We have developed a pro-healing nanomatrix coating for stents that enhances healing while limiting neointimal proliferation. This builds on our prior work evaluating the effects of the pro-healing nanomatrix coating on cultures of vascular endothelial cells (ECs), smooth muscle cells (SMCs), monocytes, and platelets. However, when a stent is deployed in an artery, multiple vascular cell types interact, and their interactions affect stent performance. Thus, in our current study, an in vitro vascular double-layer (VDL) system was used to observe stent effects on communication between different vascular cell types. Additionally, we assessed the pro-healing ability and vascular cell interactions after stent deployment in the VDL system and in a rabbit model, evaluating the nanomatrix-coated stent compared to a commercial bare metal stent (BMS) and a drug eluting stent (DES). In vitro results indicated that, in a layered vascular structure, the pro-healing nanomatrix-coated stent could (1) improve endothelialization and endothelial functions, (2) regulate SMC phenotype to reduce SMC proliferation and migration, (3) suppress inflammation through a multifactorial manner, and (4) reduce foam cell formation, extracellular matrix remodeling, and calcification. Consistent with this, in vivo results demonstrated that, compared with commercial BMS and DES, this pro-healing nanomatrix-coated stent enhanced re-endothelialization with negligible restenosis, inflammation, or thrombosis. Thus, these findings indicate the unique pro-healing features of this nanomatrix stent coating with superior efficacy over commercial BMS and DES.","journal":"ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces","year":2022,"id":267802,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":7,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9564,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2022-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":928930,"name":"Jun Chen","orcid":"0000-0002-1235-2973","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":627653,"name":"Brigitta C. Brott","orcid":"0000-0002-9707-7500","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":928931,"name":"Peter G. Anderson","orcid":"0000-0001-8057-9005","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":493535,"name":"Patrick T.J. Hwang","orcid":"0000-0001-6457-1812","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":627650,"name":"Jennifer Sherwood","orcid":"0000-0001-7698-5641","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":928932,"name":"Gillian Huskin","orcid":"0000-0003-1531-0338","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":627652,"name":"Young‐sup Yoon","orcid":"0000-0003-0051-0935","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":235794,"name":"Renu Virmani","orcid":"0000-0003-1879-0015","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":292818,"name":"Ho‐Wook Jun","orcid":"0000-0001-9150-7189","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":627648,"name":"Xixi Zhang","orcid":"0000-0001-5241-6356","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":70,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T00:27:06.198948Z","pmid":"36346768","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}