{"doi":"10.1021/acsami.1c09232","title":"Paramagnetic Mn<sub>8</sub>Fe<sub>4</sub>-<i>co</i>-Polystyrene Nanobeads as a Potential T<sub>1</sub>–T<sub>2</sub> Multimodal Magnetic Resonance Imaging Contrast Agent with <i>In Vivo</i> Studies","abstract":"In developing a cluster-nanocarrier design, as a magnetic resonance imaging contrast agent, we have investigated the enhanced relaxivity of a manganese and iron-oxo cluster grafted within a porous polystyrene nanobead with increased relaxivity due to a higher surface area. The synthesis of the cluster-nanocarrier for the cluster Mn8Fe4O12(O2CC6H4CH═CH2)16(H2O)4, cross-linked with polystyrene (the nanocarrier), under miniemulsion conditions is described. By including a branched hydrophobe, iso-octane, the resulting nanobeads are porous and ∼70 nm in diameter. The increased surface area of the nanobeads compared to nonporous nanobeads leads to an enhancement in relaxivity; r1 increases from 3.8 to 5.2 ± 0.1 mM–1 s–1, and r2 increases from 11.9 to 50.1 ± 4.8 mM–1 s–1, at 9.4 teslas, strengthening the potential for T1 and T2 imaging. Several metrics were used to assess stability, and the porosity produced no reduction in metal stability. Synchrotron X-ray fluorescence microscopy was used to demonstrate that the nanobeads remain intact in vivo. In depth, physicochemical characteristics were determined, including extensive pharmacokinetics, in vivo imaging, and systemic biodistribution analysis.","journal":"ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces","year":2021,"id":194095,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":10,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9568,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2021-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":763901,"name":"Trevor Lyons","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":763902,"name":"Brendan P. Kerwin","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":439492,"name":"Olga Rodriguez","orcid":"0000-0003-2017-1096","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":496761,"name":"Christopher Albanese","orcid":null,"position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":265506,"name":"Erika Parasido","orcid":null,"position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":495977,"name":"Yi‐Chien Lee","orcid":"0000-0003-2080-7410","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":763303,"name":"Edward Van Keuren","orcid":"0000-0001-8348-7587","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":618586,"name":"Luxi Li","orcid":"0000-0002-9259-8796","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":742046,"name":"Evan Maxey","orcid":"0000-0001-7519-5277","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":386092,"name":"Tatjana Paunesku","orcid":"0000-0001-8698-2938","position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":259307,"name":"Gayle E. Woloschak","orcid":"0000-0001-9209-8954","position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":763304,"name":"Sarah L. Stoll","orcid":"0000-0001-7184-8672","position":12,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":763900,"name":"Vidumin Dahanayake","orcid":null,"position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":58,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-18T23:49:55.282992Z","pmid":"34375073","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}