{"doi":"10.1021/acsabm.3c00239","title":"Selective Accumulation of Near Infrared-Labeled Multivalent Quinidine Copolymers in Tumors Overexpressing P-Glycoprotein: Potential for Noninvasive Diagnostic Imaging","abstract":"P-glycoprotein (P-gp) is a promiscuous small molecule transporter whose overexpression in cancer is associated with multidrug resistance (MDR). In these instances, anticancer drugs can select for P-gp-overexpressing cells, leading to cancer recurrence with an MDR phenotype. To avoid selection for MDR cancers and inform individual patient treatment plans, it is critical to noninvasively identify P-gp-overexpressing tumors prior to administration of chemotherapy. We report the facile free radical copolymerization of quinidine, a competitive inhibitor of P-gp, and acrylic acid to generate multiplexed polymeric P-gp-targeted imaging agents with tunable quinidine content. Copolymer targeting was demonstrated in a nude mouse xenograft model. In xenografts overexpressing P-gp, copolymer distribution was enhanced over two-fold compared to the negative control of poly(acrylic acid) regardless of quinidine content. In contrast, accumulation of the copolymers in xenografts lacking P-gp was equivalent to poly(acrylic acid). This work forms the foundation for a unique approach toward the phenotype-specific noninvasive imaging of MDR tumors and is the first in vivo demonstration of copolymer accumulation through the active targeting of P-gp.","journal":"ACS Applied Bio Materials","year":2023,"id":383534,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":2,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9518,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":false,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2023-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":1151004,"name":"Sarah M. Snyder","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":856771,"name":"Stephanie M. Curley","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1150626,"name":"Shamanth D. Murundi","orcid":"0000-0003-0192-2747","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":899992,"name":"Matthew A. Whitman","orcid":"0000-0002-5399-5318","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":246181,"name":"Claudia Fischbach","orcid":"0000-0002-9368-0150","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":339742,"name":"David Putnam","orcid":"0000-0002-0794-4915","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1000517,"name":"Cara M. Robertus","orcid":"0000-0002-6230-1509","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":65,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T01:17:29.050285Z","pmid":"37498226","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}