{"doi":"10.1021/acs.biochem.2c00639","title":"H-NOX Regulates Biofilm Formation in <i>Agrobacterium Vitis</i> in Response to NO","abstract":"Transitions between motile and biofilm lifestyles are highly regulated and fundamental to microbial pathogenesis. H-NOX (heme-nitric oxide/oxygen-binding domain) is a key regulator of bacterial communal behaviors, such as biofilm formation. A predicted bifunctional cyclic di-GMP metabolizing enzyme, composed of diguanylate cyclase and phosphodiesterase (PDE) domains ( avi _3097), is annotated downstream of an hnoX gene in Agrobacterium vitis S4. Here, we demonstrate that av H-NOX is a nitric oxide (NO)-binding hemoprotein that binds to and regulates the activity of avi _3097 ( av HaCE; H-NOX-associated cyclic di-GMP processing enzyme). Kinetic analysis of av HaCE indicates a ∼four-fold increase in PDE activity in the presence of NO-bound av H-NOX. Biofilm analysis with crystal violet staining reveals that low concentrations of NO reduce biofilm growth in the wild-type A. vitis S4 strain, but the mutant Δ hnoX strain has no NO phenotype, suggesting that H-NOX is responsible for the NO biofilm phenotype in A. vitis . Together, these data indicate that av H-NOX enhances cyclic di-GMP degradation to reduce biofilm formation in response to NO in A. vitis .","journal":"Biochemistry","year":2023,"id":387815,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":1,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.958,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2023-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":377055,"name":"Natasha M. Nesbitt","orcid":"0000-0001-5549-0383","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1157195,"name":"Sandhya Muralidharan","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":825721,"name":"S. M. Zakir Hossain","orcid":"0000-0002-1622-2041","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":825723,"name":"Elizabeth M. Boon","orcid":"0000-0003-1891-839X","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1157194,"name":"Dominique E. Williams","orcid":null,"position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":68,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T01:18:08.845494Z","pmid":"36746768","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}