{"doi":"10.1017/cjn.2016.74","title":"D.01 Earlier treatment with the Ketogenic Diet improves seizure outcome in early-onset drug-resistant epilepsy","abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Background:</jats:bold> The ketogenic diet (KD) is used to treat severe childhood-onset epileptic encephalopathies, such as Infantile Spasms (IS). Unfortunately, limited resources for KD initiation result in treatment delays. We ask if earlier KD treatment of early-onset drug-resistant epilepsy results in better seizure outcomes. <jats:bold>Methods:</jats:bold> Children who started KD before age 4 years between 2000-present at SickKids Hospital were identified. Six-month seizure outcome was calculated as percent of pre-diet baseline seizure frequency (BSF). <jats:bold>Results:</jats:bold> 67 children were identified. 30 (44.8%) started KD &lt;2 years old, 37 (55.2%) started KD 2-4 years old. Among &lt;2 years old group, 83.3% achieved 50% reduction in BSF and 36.7% achieved 90% reduction. Among 2-4 year old group, 62.2% achieved 50% reduction in BSF and 24.3% achieved 90% reduction. 38 children had a history of IS; 17 with IS at diet initiation and 21 with past history of IS. 41.2% of the spasms cohort achieved 90% reduction in BSF, compared to 23.8% of the post-spasms cohort. <jats:bold>Conclusions:</jats:bold> KD was more effective when started before age 2 years than 2-4 years, and more effective in children with IS than in children with past history of IS. A rapid protocol for KD initiation in young infants and children may improve long-term outcomes</jats:p>","journal":"Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques","year":2016,"id":646542,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":0,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":null,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":false,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":null,"fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":1684085,"name":"S Aimola","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1684086,"name":"H Lowe","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":137549,"name":"Y Liu","orcid":null,"position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1684088,"name":"M Zak","orcid":null,"position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1684089,"name":"V Chan","orcid":null,"position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1684090,"name":"J Kobayashi","orcid":null,"position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1684091,"name":"EJ Donner","orcid":null,"position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1684083,"name":"M Irwin","orcid":null,"position":0,"is_corresponding":false}],"reference_count":0,"raw_metadata":{"has_enrichment":true,"resolved":true,"title":"D.01 Earlier treatment with the Ketogenic Diet improves seizure outcome in early-onset drug-resistant epilepsy","abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Background:</jats:bold> The ketogenic diet (KD) is used to treat severe childhood-onset epileptic encephalopathies, such as Infantile Spasms (IS). Unfortunately, limited resources for KD initiation result in treatment delays. We ask if earlier KD treatment of early-onset drug-resistant epilepsy results in better seizure outcomes. <jats:bold>Methods:</jats:bold> Children who started KD before age 4 years between 2000-present at SickKids Hospital were identified. Six-month seizure outcome was calculated as percent of pre-diet baseline seizure frequency (BSF). <jats:bold>Results:</jats:bold> 67 children were identified. 30 (44.8%) started KD &lt;2 years old, 37 (55.2%) started KD 2-4 years old. Among &lt;2 years old group, 83.3% achieved 50% reduction in BSF and 36.7% achieved 90% reduction. Among 2-4 year old group, 62.2% achieved 50% reduction in BSF and 24.3% achieved 90% reduction. 38 children had a history of IS; 17 with IS at diet initiation and 21 with past history of IS. 41.2% of the spasms cohort achieved 90% reduction in BSF, compared to 23.8% of the post-spasms cohort. <jats:bold>Conclusions:</jats:bold> KD was more effective when started before age 2 years than 2-4 years, and more effective in children with IS than in children with past history of IS. A rapid protocol for KD initiation in young infants and children may improve long-term outcomes</jats:p>","is_dataset_classified":null,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"views":0,"has_version_chain":false,"is_dataset":false,"is_oa":false,"pmid":"19910364","pmcid":null,"openalex_id":"https://openalex.org/W2441033186","authors":[],"funders":[],"total_grants":0,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"citation_trend":[],"oa_status":"bronze","license":"https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms","oa_locations":[{"url":"https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/31E2A83222E9CF1E6F8A0664167A4207/S0317167116000743a.pdf/div-class-title-d-01-earlier-treatment-with-the-ketogenic-diet-improves-seizure-outcome-in-early-onset-drug-resistant-epilepsy-div.pdf","host_type":"journal"},{"url":"https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/31E2A83222E9CF1E6F8A0664167A4207/S0317167116000743a.pdf/div-class-title-d-01-earlier-treatment-with-the-ketogenic-diet-improves-seizure-outcome-in-early-onset-drug-resistant-epilepsy-div.pdf","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/S0317167116000743","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cjn.2016.74","host_type":"journal"}],"fields_of_study":["Diet and metabolism studies","Metabolism and Genetic Disorders","Gastroesophageal reflux and treatments"],"mesh_terms":[],"keywords":["Ketogenic diet","Pediatrics","Cohort","Medicine","Epilepsy","Family history","Cohort study","Internal medicine","Psychiatry"],"sdg_mappings":[{"sdg_number":0,"sdg_label":"Good health and well-being"}],"linked_datasets":[],"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"database_accessions":[],"source":"live","citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-08-09T13:44:55.292864Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}