{"doi":"10.1016/j.xjon.2021.09.022","title":"Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic: Outcomes and technical considerations","abstract":"Central MessageECMO has served as an essential and lifesaving modality in appropriately selected patients with severe respiratory failure from COVID-19.See Commentary on page 83. ECMO has served as an essential and lifesaving modality in appropriately selected patients with severe respiratory failure from COVID-19. See Commentary on page 83. Over the course of 18 months, global spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has led to nearly 4 million deaths.1John Hopkins Resource Centerhttps://coronavirus.jhu.edu/map.htmlDate accessed: September 25, 2021Google Scholar Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (the novel coronavirus identified as the cause of COVID-19) targets the respiratory system and mortality during COVID-19 is related to the development of acute respiratory distress syndrome, accompanied by a severe cytokine storm, with subsequent cardiopulmonary collapse.2Bhatraju P.K. Ghassemieh B.J. Nichols M. Kim R. Jerome K.R. Nalla A.K. et al.Covid-19 in critically ill patients in the Seattle region—case series.N Engl J Med. 2020; 382: 2012-2022Crossref PubMed Scopus (1833) Google Scholar,3Potere N. Valeriani E. Candeloro M. Tana M. Porreca E. Abbate A. Acute complications and mortality in hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease 2019: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Crit Care. 2020; 24: 1-12Crossref PubMed Scopus (132) Google Scholar Early in the pandemic, it was noted that the utility of mechanical ventilation was limited in cases of severe respiratory failure with reports of nearly 90% mortality4Richardson S. Hirsch J.S. Narasimhan M. Crawford J.M. McGinn T. Davidson K.W. et al.Presenting characteristics, comorbidities, and outcomes among 5700 patients hospitalized with COVID-19 in the New York City area.JAMA. 2020; 323: 2052-2059Crossref PubMed Scopus (6528) Google Scholar and the role of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) was questionable. Although initial reports showed poor outcomes with ECMO during COVID-19, expert consensus supported its use in selected patients.5Zeng Y. Cai Z. Xianyu Y. Yang B.X. Song T. Yan Q. Prognosis when using extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) for critically ill COVID-19 patients in China: a retrospective case series.Crit Care. 2020; 24: 1-3Crossref PubMed Scopus (82) Google Scholar A year and half into the pandemic, ECMO continues to be employed not so uncommonly, with more than 8000 cases noted in the Extracorporeal Life Support Organization (ELSO) registry.6ELSOCOVID-19 dashboard.https://www.elso.org/COVID19.aspxDate accessed: September 25, 2021Google Scholar Observational studies indicate that ECMO can be a viable method of mechanical support with refractory respiratory failure from COVID-19.7Barbaro R.P. MacLaren G. Boonstra P.S. Iwashyna T.J. Slutsky A.S. Fan E. et al.Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support in COVID-19: an international cohort study of the Extracorporeal Life Support Organization registry.Lancet. 2020; 396: 1071-1078Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (624) Google Scholar, 8Saeed O. Tatooles A.J. Farooq M. Schwartz G. Pham D.T. Mustafa A.K. et al.Characteristics and outcomes of patients with COVID-19 supported by extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: a retrospective multicenter study.J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. May 18, 2021; ([Epub ahead of print])Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF Scopus (24) Google Scholar, 9Lebreton G. Schmidt M. Ponnaiah M. Folliguet T. Para M. Guihaire J. et al.Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation network organisation and clinical outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic in Greater Paris, France: a multicentre cohort study.Lancet Respir Med. 2021; 9: 851-862Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (148) Google Scholar, 10Rabie A.A. Azzam M.H. Al-Fares A.A. Abdelbary A. Mufti H.N. Hassan I.F. et al.Implementation of new ECMO centers during the COVID-19 pandemic: experience and results from the Middle East and India.Intens Care Med. 2021; 47: 887-895Crossref PubMed Scopus (35) Google Scholar Addre","journal":"JTCVS Open","year":2021,"id":206956,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":5,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9613,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2021-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":681854,"name":"Scott Silvestry","orcid":"0000-0003-1847-5218","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":681844,"name":"Omar Saeed","orcid":"0000-0001-6432-0730","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":27,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-18T23:51:45.688025Z","pmid":"34568851","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}