{"doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.12.040","title":"Association between Serum Folate and Vaginal High-Risk Human Papillomavirus Infections in United States Women","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Serum concentration of folate was inversely associated with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and cervical cancer in some studies. The association between folate and human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, a necessary cause of cervical cancer, has not been well elucidated. OBJECTIVES: We evaluated whether serum folate concentrations were associated with high-risk HPV (hrHPV) infection. METHODS: The study population was 11,801 females, aged 18-59 y, enrolled in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), from 2003 to 2016, in the United States. In this cross-sectional study, prevalence ratios (PRs) of vaginal hrHPV were calculated using logistic regression models, by quintiles of serum folate. RESULTS: Females in the lowest quintile had <21.3 nmol/L of folate. Approximately 23% of the females (2733/11,801) were hrHPV positive. In age-adjusted models, folate was significantly associated with hrHPV infection. The PRs and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were (PR: 1.52; 95% CI: 1.37, 1.70) for the first, (PR: 1.29; 95% CI: 1.15, 1.44) for the second, (PR: 1.19; 95% CI: 1.06, 1.34) for the third, and (PR: 1.09; 95% CI: 0.96, 1.23) for the fourth quintiles, compared with the females in the highest quintile, with a significant P value for trend, <0.0001. The association remained statistically significant after the models were further adjusted for lifestyle and sexual risk factors for hrHPV infection; the females in the lowest quintile were more likely to have hrHPV infection than those in the highest quintile (PR: 1.40; 95% CI: 1.11, 1.53). CONCLUSIONS: Results from this sample of females in the United States suggest that serum folate concentration is inversely associated with hrHPV infection.","journal":"Journal of Nutrition","year":2023,"id":355455,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":6,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9571,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2023-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":70104,"name":"Clement Adebamowo","orcid":"0000-0002-6571-2880","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":70105,"name":"Sally N. Adebamowo","orcid":"0000-0003-4713-2433","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1103836,"name":"Josephine G Peitz","orcid":null,"position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":47,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T01:13:16.394812Z","pmid":"38158185","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}