{"doi":"10.1016/j.techfore.2021.121060","title":"Regulation at the source? Comparing upstream and downstream climate policies","abstract":null,"journal":"Technological Forecasting and Social Change","year":2021,"id":674884,"datarank":0.4943755299006494,"base_score":3.295836866004329,"endowment":3.295836866004329,"self_citation_contribution":0.4943755299006494,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.4943755299006494,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":26,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":null,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":false,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":null,"fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":1763301,"name":"Ivan Savin","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1763302,"name":"Jeroen C.J.M. van den Bergh","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1763300,"name":"Joël Foramitti","orcid":"0000-0002-4828-7288","position":0,"is_corresponding":false}],"reference_count":0,"raw_metadata":{"has_enrichment":true,"resolved":true,"title":"Regulation at the source? Comparing upstream and downstream climate policies","abstract":"Climate policies can be applied either upstream, where fossil fuels are extracted, or downstream, where emissions are generated. Specific policy instruments can be defined for either level, and can take the form of a price signal such as through a tax, or a quantity limit such as through direct regulation or a permit market. In this study, we present an agent-based model to compare the performance of these different instruments and regulation levels. Since policy coverage is often limited, i.e. not all firms being under the regulator’s control, we also examine the impact of incomplete coverage on relative policy performance. Our analysis shows that only upstream regulation leads to an increase in fossil fuel prices, which is benefitial under limited coverage as it also affects firms not directly affected by the policy instruments; that prices under quantity-based regulation can decline after an initial peak, stabilizing at a lower level than under the tax; and that direct regulation is more efficient when applied upstream.","is_dataset_classified":null,"base_score":3.295836866004329,"endowment":3.295836866004329,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"views":0,"has_version_chain":false,"is_dataset":false,"is_oa":false,"pmid":"19162232","pmcid":null,"openalex_id":"https://openalex.org/W3187420948","authors":[],"funders":[{"funder_name":"Russian Science Support Foundation","grant_id":"19-18-00262","title":null},{"funder_name":"National Council for Eurasian and East European Research","grant_id":"741087","title":"Behavioral-evolutionary analysis of climate policy: Bounded rationality, markets and social interactions"}],"total_grants":2,"fwci":3.7306,"citation_percentile":0.94047714,"influential_citations":0,"citation_trend":[{"year":2022,"count":4},{"year":2023,"count":6},{"year":2024,"count":6},{"year":2025,"count":4},{"year":2026,"count":6}],"oa_status":"hybrid","license":"cc-by","oa_locations":[{"url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0040162521004923/pdf","host_type":"journal"},{"url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0040162521004923/pdf","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0040162521004923?httpAccept=text/xml","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0040162521004923?httpAccept=text/plain","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2021.121060","host_type":"journal"},{"url":"http://elar.urfu.ru/handle/10995/111223","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://research.vu.nl/en/publications/89987c12-d1c9-46ec-9ece-cd275df4e3f5","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0040162521004923","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://ddd.uab.cat/record/255231","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"http://elar.urfu.ru/handle/10995/111309","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/1871.1/89987c12-d1c9-46ec-9ece-cd275df4e3f5","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://dx.doi.org/urn:doi:10.1016/j.techfore.2021.121060","host_type":""},{"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2021.121060","host_type":""},{"url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2021.121060","host_type":""}],"fields_of_study":["Climate Change Policy and Economics","Energy, Environment, and Transportation Policies","Environmental Impact and Sustainability","0301 basic medicine","01 natural sciences","03 medical and health sciences","0105 earth and related environmental sciences"],"mesh_terms":[],"keywords":["Upstream (networking)","Downstream (manufacturing)","Upstream and downstream (DNA)","Climate policy","Regulator","Control (management)","Economics","Fossil fuel","Environmental regulation","Natural resource economics","Business","Econometrics","Environmental science","Climate change","Computer science","Ecology","Operations management","Biology","Telecommunications","AGENT-BASED MODELING","AUTONOMOUS AGENTS","CARBON LEAKAGE","CARBON TAXES","COMMERCE","EMISSIONS TRADING","ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY","Emission Trading","COMPARATIVE STUDY","MODELING","Carbon Tax","SDG 13 - Climate Action","POLICY INSTRUMENTS","TRACHINOTUS FALCATUS","CARBON EMISSION","QUOTA","PRICE SIGNALS","PERFORMANCE","POLLUTION TAX","REGULATORY APPROACH","COMPUTATIONAL METHODS","FOSSIL FUELS","QUOTA SYSTEM","COSTS","SIMULATION PLATFORM","DOWN-STREAM"],"sdg_mappings":[{"sdg_number":7,"sdg_label":"7. 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