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Lipid metabolism regulates the polarization of macrophages in homeostasis and inflammation. In atherosclerosis, LL-Macs contribute to plaque formation and inflammation, while in cancer, LL-Macs play crucial roles in immune suppression and tumor progression. The article outlines the molecular mechanisms driving macrophage lipid accumulation in each of these scenarios and how the process is influenced by the distinct local microenvironments in inflammation, atherosclerosis and cancer. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) studies have identified both common and unique gene signatures between LL-Macs in atherosclerosis and cancer, reflecting the varying microenvironmental cues that shape macrophage function and disease outcomes. Finally, we examine lipid-modulating strategies in atherosclerosis, assess their potential in cancer treatment, and highlight research gaps for developing new LL-Macs targeted therapies in cancer.","is_dataset_classified":null,"base_score":1.9459101490553132,"endowment":1.9459101490553132,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"views":0,"has_version_chain":false,"is_dataset":false,"is_oa":false,"pmid":"41005549","pmcid":null,"openalex_id":"https://openalex.org/W4414578908","authors":[],"funders":[{"funder_name":"Government of Catalonia Agency for Administration of University and Research Grants","grant_id":"2021-SGR-01328","title":null},{"funder_name":"Olga Torres Foundation","grant_id":"19/20","title":null},{"funder_name":"Central People's Government of the People's Republic of China Scholarship Programme","grant_id":"202208110041","title":null},{"funder_name":"Agencia Estatal de Investigación","grant_id":"JDC2023\\u2013051880-I","title":null},{"funder_name":"Agencia Estatal de Investigación","grant_id":"PRE2021\\u2013100032","title":null},{"funder_name":"Agencia Estatal de Investigación","grant_id":"PID2023\\u2013146522OB-I00","title":null},{"funder_name":"Agencia Estatal de Investigación","grant_id":"MICIU/AEI/10.13039/501100011033","title":null},{"funder_name":"Computer Network Information Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences","grant_id":"","title":null},{"funder_name":"Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades","grant_id":"","title":null},{"funder_name":"Avon Foundation for Women","grant_id":"","title":null},{"funder_name":"China Scholarship Council","grant_id":"","title":null},{"funder_name":"European Regional Development Fund","grant_id":"","title":null},{"funder_name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III","grant_id":"","title":null}],"total_grants":13,"fwci":2.8143,"citation_percentile":0.91813267,"influential_citations":0,"citation_trend":[{"year":2026,"count":6}],"oa_status":"closed","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","oa_locations":[{"url":"https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S1044579X25001233?httpAccept=text/xml","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S1044579X25001233?httpAccept=text/plain","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.semcancer.2025.09.007","host_type":"journal"},{"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41005549","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://hal.science/hal-05342319","host_type":"repository"}],"fields_of_study":["Cancer, Lipids, and Metabolism"],"mesh_terms":["Animals","Humans","Inflammation","Macrophages","Neoplasms","Atherosclerosis","Lipid Metabolism","Tumor Microenvironment"],"keywords":["Macrophage polarization","Immune system","Macrophage","Cancer","Lipid metabolism","Disease","Function (biology)","Pathological","Atherosclerosis","immunosuppression","Tumor-associated Macrophages","Lipid-laden Macrophages"],"sdg_mappings":[],"linked_datasets":[],"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"database_accessions":[],"source":"live","citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-07-30T22:43:57.446129Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}