{"doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.178291","title":"Sex-specific associations between maternal exposure to metal mixtures and fetal growth trajectories: A prospective birth cohort study","abstract":null,"journal":"Science of The Total Environment","year":2025,"id":608425,"datarank":0.31191623125197543,"base_score":2.0794415416798357,"endowment":2.0794415416798357,"self_citation_contribution":0.31191623125197543,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.31191623125197543,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":7,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":null,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":false,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":null,"fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":1562509,"name":"Cheng-Yang Hu","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1562501,"name":"Si-Wei Dai","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1562695,"name":"Hui-Ya Ma","orcid":null,"position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1517907,"name":"Si-Yu Zhang","orcid":null,"position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1166342,"name":"Chen Sun","orcid":"0000-0002-8033-1357","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1562503,"name":"Jia-Hui Li","orcid":null,"position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":569051,"name":"Kai Huang","orcid":"0000-0002-3991-5107","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1562507,"name":"Mao-Lin Chen","orcid":null,"position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1562508,"name":"Guo-Peng Gao","orcid":null,"position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1562510,"name":"Xiu-Jun Zhang","orcid":"0000-0002-8123-185X","position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1562502,"name":"Zhen-Hua Li","orcid":null,"position":0,"is_corresponding":false}],"reference_count":0,"raw_metadata":{"has_enrichment":true,"resolved":true,"title":"Sex-specific associations between maternal exposure to metal mixtures and fetal growth trajectories: A prospective birth cohort study","abstract":"<h4>Background</h4>The associations of prenatal metals exposure with birth outcomes have been widely assessed. However, evidence on the associations between metal mixtures and fetal intrauterine growth trajectories is scarce.<h4>Objectives</h4>This study aimed to explore the associations of metal mixtures with fetal intrauterine growth trajectories overall and by sex.<h4>Methods</h4>We analyzed data from the Ma'anshan birth cohort, which included a total of 1041 pregnant woman. The concentrations of 12 metals in maternal blood were measured during early pregnancy, and fetal intrauterine growth indicators were standardized and assessed at 16, 23, 30, 34, and 38 weeks of gestation. We used generalized linear regression and linear mixed models to identify the key fetal growth indicator (biparietal diameter (BPD)), and applied GBTM to characterize BPD SD-scores trajectories. To further assess the individual and combined effects of metals, we conducted multivariable logistic regression and repeated holdouts weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression analyses, respectively. Finally, we performed a sex-stratified analysis to explore sex-specific associations.<h4>Results</h4>The sex-stratified multivariable logistic regression analysis indicated that in male fetal, cobalt (Co) (OR: 0.60, 95 % CI: 0.38, 0.92) was negatively associated with the high-growth BPD-SD scores trajectory. In contrast, Co (OR: 2.39, 95 % CI: 1.40, 4.45) showed a positive association in female fetal. Results from the WQS showed that early pregnancy metal mixture exposure was associated with BPD-SD scores at 16, 34, and 38 weeks in female fetal. The results highlighted Zn and Co as key metals associated with high-growth BPD SD-scores trajectory. We also identified a significant interaction between early pregnancy metal mixtures and sex on high-growth BPD SD-scores trajectories. The WQS*sex interaction term had a mean odds ratio of 1.271 (95 % CI: 1.027, 1.619).<h4>Conclusion</h4>This study suggests that exposure to prenatal metal mixtures affects fetal intrauterine growth trajectories with sexual dimorphism.","is_dataset_classified":null,"base_score":2.0794415416798357,"endowment":2.0794415416798357,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"views":0,"has_version_chain":false,"is_dataset":false,"is_oa":false,"pmid":"39733573","pmcid":null,"openalex_id":"https://openalex.org/W4405870343","authors":[],"funders":[{"funder_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","grant_id":"","title":null}],"total_grants":1,"fwci":1.7006,"citation_percentile":0.83461302,"influential_citations":0,"citation_trend":[{"year":2025,"count":2},{"year":2026,"count":5}],"oa_status":"closed","license":null,"oa_locations":[{"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.178291","host_type":"journal"},{"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39733573","host_type":"repository"}],"fields_of_study":["Heavy Metal Exposure and Toxicity","Heavy metals in environment","Trace Elements in Health"],"mesh_terms":["Birth Cohort","Adult","China","Environmental Pollutants","Female","Humans","Male","Metals","Pregnancy","Prospective Studies","Sex Factors","Maternal Exposure","Fetal Development"],"keywords":["Prospective cohort study","Fetal growth","Obstetrics","Cohort study","Fetus","Medicine","Cohort","Pregnancy","Demography","Biology","Internal medicine","Genetics","Metals","Trajectory","Mixture Exposure"],"sdg_mappings":[{"sdg_number":0,"sdg_label":"Zero hunger"}],"linked_datasets":[],"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"database_accessions":[],"source":"live","citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-07-30T14:01:09.942153Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}