{"doi":"10.1016/j.rineng.2025.107597","title":"Mass-manufactured diffraction pattern enables large-scale spectroscopic, temporal, and spatial measurements of fluid movement and mixing","abstract":"• Monitors 70 L fluid volumes with spatial, temporal, and spectral resolution. • Tracks contaminant 3D shape, size, and movement in real time. • Measures plume dispersion in freshwater and seawater continuously. • Uses mass-manufactured diffraction film for scalable mid-area sensing. Monitoring fluid movement and mixing is essential for assessing environmental pollution and optimizing industrial processes; however, mid-scale tracking is often limited by the high costs of sensor networks or the low resolution of satellite imaging. Here, we introduce a mass-manufactured nanotextured diffraction surface as a scalable mid-area sensor for real-time, spatially and temporally resolved fluid dynamics measurements. By positioning the diffraction surface along the back and sidewalls of a 70 L water tank, we track dye dispersion and reconstruct three-dimensional fluid motion using image analysis, enabling direct comparisons between freshwater and saltwater environments for over 600 s. Our results demonstrate the potential of this approach as a novel, low-cost method for continuous, mechanistic monitoring of fluid mixing dynamics.","journal":"Results in Engineering","year":2025,"id":577453,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":0,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9526,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2025-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":916694,"name":"Jordan N Miner","orcid":"0000-0003-2998-3330","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1486994,"name":"Bradan Craig","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1486995,"name":"Abigail R. Zier","orcid":null,"position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1322577,"name":"Onur G. Apul","orcid":"0000-0002-2964-8279","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":902097,"name":"Caitlin Howell","orcid":"0000-0002-9345-6642","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1322571,"name":"Liza R. White","orcid":"0009-0008-7130-8789","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":49,"raw_metadata":{"citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-07-19T02:58:04.622308Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}