{"doi":"10.1016/j.prdoa.2025.100360","title":"Effects of a 24-week yoga intervention on choriocapillaris density in Parkinson’s disease","abstract":"Introduction: Parkinson's disease (PD) involves systemic microvascular dysfunction, with choriocapillaris density (CCD) potentially reflecting it. This study examined whether a 24-week yoga intervention alters CCD in PD and whether responses differ by disease duration, severity, or intervention style. Methods: Fifteen PD patients completed a supervised 24-week yoga program involving two Hatha-based styles. CCD was measured using 3 × 3 mm macular optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) centered on 2.5-mm foveal region. Clinical assessments included disease duration, Hoehn and Yahr (H&Y) stage, and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), conducted at baseline and after intervention. Correlation, stratified, and subgroup analyses were performed. Results: No significant change in CCD was observed at the group level (62.9 % ± 3.9 % vs. 62.9 % ± 3.2 %; P > 0.05). Baseline CCD was inversely correlated with disease duration and H&Y stage (ρ = -0.71, P = 0.003). Patients with shorter disease duration (<5 years) or early-stage PD (H&Y stage 1) showed significant CCD reductions (ΔCCD = -4.7 %, P = 0.003; ΔCCD = -4.3 %, P = 0.002), whereas those with longer duration or advanced stage (H&Y 2-3) exhibited mild increases (ΔCCD = +2.3 %, ΔCCD = +2.8 %). Baseline CCD was inversely correlated with ΔCCD (ρ = -0.77, P < 0.001). CCD did not differ between the YogaCue and Hatha Yoga groups at baseline, follow-up, or in ΔCCD (P > 0.05). Conclusions: These findings provide preliminary evidence that CCD responses to yoga vary with disease stage but not intervention style, suggesting a potential role for CCD as a vascular marker to inform individualized rehabilitation in PD.","journal":"Clinical Parkinsonism & Related Disorders","year":2025,"id":568564,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":0,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9595,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2025-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":377721,"name":"Andrew Hoover","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":350620,"name":"Giovana Rosa Gameiro","orcid":"0000-0001-9806-1300","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1423843,"name":"Amanda Virgets","orcid":null,"position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1423400,"name":"Kylie J. Martinez","orcid":"0009-0003-3197-2830","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":448970,"name":"Joseph F. Signorile","orcid":"0000-0003-2383-2419","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":350619,"name":"Hong Jiang","orcid":"0000-0002-4269-4851","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":350624,"name":"Jianhua Wang","orcid":"0000-0001-8264-9089","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1450698,"name":"Lei Wan","orcid":"0000-0001-7556-5821","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":35,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T02:56:52.212268Z","pmid":"40671694","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}