{"doi":"10.1016/j.patter.2023.100686","title":"SIC50: Determining drug inhibitory concentrations using a vision transformer and an optimized Sobel operator","abstract":"As a measure of cytotoxic potency, half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) is the concentration at which a drug exerts half of its maximal inhibitory effect against target cells. It can be determined by various methods that require applying additional reagents or lysing the cells. Here, we describe a label-free Sobel-edge-based method, which we name SIC50, for the evaluation of IC50. SIC50 classifies preprocessed phase-contrast images with a state-of-the-art vision transformer and allows for the continuous assessment of IC50 in a faster and more cost-efficient manner. We have validated this method using four drugs and 1,536-well plates and also built a web application. We anticipate that this method will assist in the high-throughput screening of chemical libraries (e.g., small-molecule drugs, small interfering RNA [siRNA], and microRNA and drug discovery).","journal":"Patterns","year":2023,"id":365168,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":6,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9549,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2023-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":1120680,"name":"Weidi Zhang","orcid":"0000-0002-6047-4916","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1121114,"name":"Hoyin Yip","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1121115,"name":"Chuyuan Qu","orcid":null,"position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":689439,"name":"Hongru Hu","orcid":"0000-0003-0497-4796","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1121116,"name":"Xiaotie Chen","orcid":null,"position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":643218,"name":"Teresa Lee","orcid":"0000-0001-9960-0767","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":113654,"name":"Xi Yang","orcid":null,"position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1121117,"name":"Bingjun Yang","orcid":null,"position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":401306,"name":"Priyadarsini Kumar","orcid":null,"position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":420318,"name":"Su Yeon Lee","orcid":"0000-0002-7306-7447","position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1121118,"name":"Javier J. Casimiro","orcid":null,"position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1120681,"name":"Jiawei Zhang","orcid":"0000-0002-2111-7617","position":12,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":259298,"name":"Aijun Wang","orcid":"0000-0002-2985-3627","position":13,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":237448,"name":"Kit S. Lam","orcid":"0000-0002-3076-6969","position":14,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1120679,"name":"Yongheng Wang","orcid":"0000-0002-2372-463X","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":38,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T01:14:46.760245Z","pmid":"36873901","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}