{"doi":"10.1016/j.micpath.2025.107526","title":"The extracellular region of Trypanosoma congolense Membrane Bound Acid Phosphatase induces partial protection in immunized BALB/c mice","abstract":"African trypanosomiasis is a parasitic disease caused by African trypanosomes and there is no vaccine because the trypanosomes possess an intricate machinery for antigenic variation . Owing to the nonsusceptibility of trypanosomes’ Membrane-Bound Acid Phosphatase (MBAP; EC 3.1.3.2) to antigenic variation and its central role in molecular trafficking, we hypothesized that MBAP is a promising target for vaccine development. Herein, a DNA vaccine was constructed using recombinant DNA technology to insert the gene of the extracellular portion (EP) of Trypanosoma congolense MBAP without its signal peptide (SP), into a Strep-tag/transin modified mammalian expression vector pVAX1. The construct (EP-SP/pVAX1) was transfected into HepG2 cells. Expression of the antigen (EP-SP) and the subcellular localization were confirmed by Immunofluorescence Assay. Thereafter, two independent vaccination trials with 100 μg EP-SP/pVAX1 were carried out in BALB/c mice . ELISA was used to check immunoglobulin G (IgG) and cytokines (IL-10 and IFN-ɣ) levels. The infection group were experimental infected with 10 4 T. congolense cells, and the potency of the vaccine was assessed by monitoring parasitemia and survival. There was a significant increase in circulating IgG (P = 0.048), IL-10 (P = 0.031) but no effect on IFN- ɣ (P = 1.001) in the animals. Low parasitaemia characterized by multiple waves with the intermittent clearing of parasites to no detectable levels, and extension of the lifespan by up to 45.45 % was observed with a complete survival of 20 % of vaccinated and infected mice. Together, the results showed that the vaccine construct was partially protective and has tremendous immunogenic potential, suggesting the needs for further studies.","journal":"Microbial Pathogenesis","year":2025,"id":563729,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":0,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9517,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2025-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":1466687,"name":"Aminu Bashir Yusuf","orcid":"0009-0009-0008-0366","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1466950,"name":"Amaya Jobin Habila","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":949061,"name":"Mohammed Mamman","orcid":"0000-0001-5885-1607","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1466688,"name":"S.E. Atawodi","orcid":"0000-0001-9786-8591","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":305005,"name":"Kentaro Kato","orcid":"0000-0003-4890-567X","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1466689,"name":"D.K. Inaoka","orcid":"0000-0002-9791-927X","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":495847,"name":"Kenji Hirayama","orcid":"0000-0001-9467-1777","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1466690,"name":"Kiyoshi Kita","orcid":"0000-0002-0426-4308","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1100489,"name":"Mohammed Nasir Shuaibu","orcid":"0000-0002-1442-140X","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":913457,"name":"E.O. Balogun","orcid":"0000-0002-2092-0045","position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1466686,"name":"Edwige F. Gouegni","orcid":"0009-0001-9776-1695","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":36,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T02:56:17.117043Z","pmid":"40185169","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}