{"doi":"10.1016/j.mcpdig.2023.06.014","title":"Wear With Care: A Call for Empirical Investigations of Adverse Outcomes of Consumer Health Wearables","abstract":"Consumer health wearables—commercially available health tracking technologies such as smartwatches, fitness trackers, and wearable sensors coupled to smartphones—have provoked a paradigm shift in how people approach their health. One fifth of Americans use a wearable on a regular basis.1Bayoumy K. Gaber M. Elshafeey A. et al.Smart wearable devices in cardiovascular care: where we are and how to move forward.Nat Rev Cardiol. 2021; 18: 581-599Crossref PubMed Scopus (208) Google Scholar These technologies are recognized for their promises to lower costs and save lives,2Wearable technology promises to revolutionise health care. The Economist.https://www.economist.com/leaders/2022/05/05/wearable-technology-promises-to-revolutionise-health-careDate accessed: December 22, 2022Google Scholar and research documents their efficacy for addressing a range of health promotion and management concerns.1Bayoumy K. Gaber M. Elshafeey A. et al.Smart wearable devices in cardiovascular care: where we are and how to move forward.Nat Rev Cardiol. 2021; 18: 581-599Crossref PubMed Scopus (208) Google Scholar,3Mattison G. Canfell O. Forrester D. et al.The Influence of wearables on health care outcomes in chronic disease: systematic review.J Med Internet Res. 2022; 24e36690Crossref PubMed Scopus (11) Google Scholar,4Brandes A. Stavrakis S. Freedman B. et al.Consumer-led screening for atrial fibrillation: frontier review of the AF-SCREEN International Collaboration.Circulation. 2022; 146: 1461-1474Crossref PubMed Scopus (11) Google Scholar However, evidence of efficacy does not mean an absence of harm. This article is motivated by the observation that the safety of wearables and the potential health risks associated with their use have gone concerningly unexamined. The ubiquity1Bayoumy K. Gaber M. Elshafeey A. et al.Smart wearable devices in cardiovascular care: where we are and how to move forward.Nat Rev Cardiol. 2021; 18: 581-599Crossref PubMed Scopus (208) Google Scholar,2Wearable technology promises to revolutionise health care. The Economist.https://www.economist.com/leaders/2022/05/05/wearable-technology-promises-to-revolutionise-health-careDate accessed: December 22, 2022Google Scholar of these health-related technologies throughout the general population is somewhat historically unique and, in and of itself, necessitates rigorous and comprehensive investigations of safety. Further, case and cohort studies5Rosman L. Gehi A. Lampert R. When smartwatches contribute to health anxiety in patients with atrial fibrillation.Cardio Vasc Digit Health J. 2020; 1: 9-10https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cvdhj.2020.06.004Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (11) Google Scholar, 6Andersen T.O. Langstrup H. Lomborg S. Experiences with wearable activity data during self-care by chronic heart patients: qualitative study.J Med Internet Res. 2020; 22e15873https://doi.org/10.2196/15873Crossref Scopus (15) Google Scholar, 7Wons O. Lampe E. Patarinski A.G. Schaumberg K. Butryn M. Juarascio A. Perceived influence of wearable fitness trackers on eating disorder symptoms in a clinical transdiagnostic binge eating and restrictive eating sample.Eat Weight Disord. 2022; 27: 3367-3377Crossref PubMed Scopus (1) Google Scholar, 8Blackstone S.R. Herrmann L.K. Fitness wearables and exercise dependence in college women: considerations for university health education specialists.Am J Health Edu. 2020; 51: 225-233Crossref Scopus (7) Google Scholar, 9Runkle J. Sugg M. Boase D. Galvin S.L. Coulson C.C. Use of wearable sensors for pregnancy health and environmental monitoring: Descriptive findings from the perspective of patients and providers.Digit Health. 2019; 52055207619828220PubMed Google Scholar, 10Watt A. Swainston K. Wilson G. Health professionals’ attitudes to patients’ use of wearable technology.Digit Health. 2019; 52055207619845544https://doi.org/10.1177/2055207619845544Crossref PubMed Scopus (7) Google Scholar have reported preliminary evidence of negative clinical and s","journal":"Mayo Clinic Proceedings Digital Health","year":2023,"id":330088,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":16,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9556,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2023-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":756449,"name":"Morgan Greenleaf","orcid":"0000-0003-1569-5696","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":337554,"name":"Wilbur A. Lam","orcid":"0000-0002-0325-7990","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":523721,"name":"Deanna M. Kaplan","orcid":"0000-0002-9300-3029","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":29,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T01:09:10.120703Z","pmid":"38143554","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}