{"doi":"10.1016/j.jtemb.2025.127732","title":"Utilizing T1-weighted MRI intensity indices to evaluate in-vivo neurotoxicity in a South African cohort with environmental manganese exposure","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Excessive exposure to manganese (Mn) causes parkinsonism. Occupational Mn exposure is associated with increased T1-weighted globus pallidus signal on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) secondary to in-vivo Mn deposition. METHODS: The present study evaluated the T1-weighted pallidal index (PI) as an in-vivo marker of Mn exposure and neurotoxicity in chronic environmental Mn exposure. A total of 53 Black South African participants with a range of residential environmental Mn exposures due to proximity to one of the world's largest smelters underwent T1-weighted MRI. RESULTS: The PI was associated with parkinsonism as measured by the total Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale motor subsection part 3 (UPDRS3) in all participants (β=0.10, confidence interval 0.01, 0.18). Further, the PI was positively associated with total UPDRS3 scores (β=0.14, confidence interval 0.03, 0.25) and the lower limb rigidity subscore (β=0.04, confidence interval 0.005, 0.07) among those who regularly consumed alcohol (>3 drinks/week), but not in those who occasionally consumed alcohol (<3 drinks/week). CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest T1-weighted PI is associated with clinical neurotoxicity in environmental Mn exposure. This association is amplified by regular consumption of alcohol.","journal":"Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology","year":2025,"id":573067,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":0,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9584,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2025-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":443934,"name":"Irene Faust","orcid":"0000-0003-2653-672X","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":440339,"name":"Susan Searles Nielsen","orcid":"0000-0001-7768-4736","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":666280,"name":"Wendy W. Dlamini","orcid":"0000-0002-7923-9115","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":364743,"name":"Gill Nelson","orcid":"0000-0001-7815-3718","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":666282,"name":"Jay R. Turner","orcid":"0000-0001-7787-6244","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":259385,"name":"Joshua S. Shimony","orcid":"0000-0002-6228-776X","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":782312,"name":"Jason Lenox-Krug","orcid":null,"position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":760972,"name":"Jordan Killion","orcid":"0000-0003-3155-1107","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":374061,"name":"T. Noah Hutson","orcid":"0000-0002-8707-6838","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":443935,"name":"Brad A. Racette","orcid":"0000-0002-9582-8235","position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":465244,"name":"Susan R. Criswell","orcid":"0000-0001-8467-371X","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":44,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T02:57:27.876396Z","pmid":"40907163","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}