{"doi":"10.1016/j.jneb.2023.12.012","title":"Western, Healthful, and Low-Preparation Diet Patterns in Preschoolers of the STRONG Kids2 Program","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: Identify and describe diet patterns of children during early childhood using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). DESIGN: Longitudinal data were drawn from the STRONG Kids 2 program. PARTICIPANTS: Mothers were surveyed about their child's diet at 24 (n = 337), 36 (n = 317), and 48 (n = 289) months old. VARIABLES MEASURED: The Block Food Frequency Questionnaire for children aged 2-7 years was used to derive diet patterns; 23 food groups were created for analyses. ANALYSIS: Principal component analysis was used to obtain preliminary factor loadings, and loadings were used to form a priori hypotheses for CFA-derived diet patterns. Independent samples t tests were used to compare food groups, nutrient intakes, and child and family characteristics by CFA pattern scores above vs at/below the median. RESULTS: Three diet patterns consistently emerged: (1) processed meats, sweets, and fried foods; (2) vegetables, legumes, and starchy vegetables; and (3) grains, nuts/seeds, and condiments (only 24 and 36 months). Patterns were related to differences in added sugars, dietary fiber and potassium intakes, maternal education, and household income. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: Opposing healthful vs Western patterns, extant in child and adult literature, were observed across all ages. The third pattern differed between 24/36 and 48 months, representing a potential shift in food choices or offerings as children age.","journal":"Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior","year":2024,"id":476380,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":2,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.8018,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2024-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":1158359,"name":"Jennifer M. Barton","orcid":"0000-0003-1673-1337","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1093153,"name":"Tianying Cai","orcid":"0000-0003-0770-7044","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":773573,"name":"Naiman A. Khan","orcid":"0000-0002-6135-9389","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":675405,"name":"Barbara H. Fiese","orcid":"0000-0003-2935-8682","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":258317,"name":"Sharon M. Donovan","orcid":"0000-0002-9785-4189","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":901793,"name":"Arden McMath","orcid":"0000-0002-7288-2511","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":45,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T02:06:25.428435Z","pmid":"38402478","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}