{"doi":"10.1016/j.jmbbm.2025.107286","title":"Microbubble-based indirect measurement of cell loading in hydrogel bioinks during handling of 3D models","abstract":"We present an inverse-engineering method for estimating physical forces within cell suspensions in 3D scaffolds during fabrication using fluorescent, lipid-coated microbubbles (MBs) filled with an inert fluorocarbon gas. MBs deform and rupture under significant mechanical pressure. In this short communication, we apply the compressibility characteristics of the MBs to estimate the forces acting on a cell-laden model during fabrication and handling. MBs were encapsulated in hydrogels and subjected to hydrostatic pressure for a specific period, and we demonstrated how calibration curves are generated to estimate the pressure around each MB. We further studied MB response via conventional ultrasound imaging and theoretical modeling. This work demonstrates a simple, scalable approach for estimating physical loads that biological cells experience during extrusion, injection, and other biofabrication processes. • We introduce a simple method for estimating the physical forces acting on biological cells in hydrogel systems using microbubbles. • We propose a new application for gas-filled, lipid microbubbles in tissue engineering. • A novel combination of experimental data and simulation shows the deformation behavior of microbubbles under hydrostatic pressure.","journal":"Journal of the mechanical behavior of biomedical materials/Journal of mechanical behavior of biomedical materials","year":2025,"id":583490,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":0,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9526,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2025-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":1496069,"name":"Leila Donyaparastlivari","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1496070,"name":"Ayda Pormoustafa","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":479696,"name":"Vidhi Patel","orcid":"0000-0001-9888-8893","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":307278,"name":"Alexander Buffone","orcid":"0000-0003-0303-0152","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":405113,"name":"Rajarshi Chattaraj","orcid":"0000-0002-2641-6974","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":263797,"name":"Amir K. Miri","orcid":"0000-0003-0685-0770","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1227025,"name":"Swaprakash Yogeshwaran","orcid":null,"position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":59,"raw_metadata":{"citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-07-19T02:59:03.725721Z","pmid":"41370908","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}