{"doi":"10.1016/j.jmb.2008.07.077","title":"REDOR NMR Characterization of DNA Packaging in Bacteriophage T4","abstract":null,"journal":"Journal of Molecular Biology","year":2008,"id":616778,"datarank":0.586803450814222,"base_score":3.912023005428146,"endowment":3.912023005428146,"self_citation_contribution":0.586803450814222,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.586803450814222,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":49,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":null,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":false,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":null,"fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":808222,"name":"Jacob Schaefer","orcid":"0000-0002-7544-6408","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1590301,"name":"Tsyr-Yan Yu","orcid":null,"position":0,"is_corresponding":false}],"reference_count":0,"raw_metadata":{"has_enrichment":true,"resolved":true,"title":"REDOR NMR Characterization of DNA Packaging in Bacteriophage T4","abstract":"Bacteriophage T4 is a large-tailed Escherichia coli virus whose capsid is 120x86 nm. ATP-driven DNA packaging of the T4 capsid results in the loading of a 171-kb genome in less than 5 min during viral infection. We have isolated 50-mg quantities of uniform (15)N- and [epsilon-(15)N]lysine-labeled bacteriophage T4. We have also introduced (15)NH(4)(+) into filled, unlabeled capsids from synthetic medium by exchange. We have examined lyo- and cryoprotected lyophilized T4 using (15)N{(31)P} and (31)P{(15)N} rotational-echo double resonance. The results of these experiments have shown that (i) packaged DNA is in an unperturbed duplex B-form conformation; (ii) the DNA phosphate negative charge is balanced by lysyl amines (3.2%), polyamines (5.8%), and monovalent cations (40%); and (iii) 11% of lysyl amines, 40% of -NH(2) groups of polyamines, and 80% of monovalent cations within the lyophilized T4 capsid are involved in the DNA charge balance. The NMR evidence suggests that DNA enters the T4 capsid in a charge-unbalanced state. We propose that electrostatic interactions may provide free energy to supplement the nanomotor-driven T4 DNA packaging.","is_dataset_classified":null,"base_score":3.912023005428146,"endowment":3.912023005428146,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"views":0,"has_version_chain":false,"is_dataset":false,"is_oa":false,"pmid":"18703073","pmcid":"PMC2633174","openalex_id":"https://openalex.org/W1975483279","authors":[],"funders":[{"funder_name":"NIBIB NIH HHS","grant_id":"R01 EB002058","title":null},{"funder_name":"NIBIB NIH HHS","grant_id":"EB002058","title":null}],"total_grants":2,"fwci":3.0256,"citation_percentile":0.8944347,"influential_citations":0,"citation_trend":[{"year":2012,"count":4},{"year":2013,"count":2},{"year":2014,"count":3},{"year":2015,"count":5},{"year":2016,"count":1},{"year":2017,"count":2},{"year":2018,"count":3},{"year":2019,"count":3},{"year":2020,"count":4},{"year":2021,"count":2},{"year":2022,"count":5},{"year":2023,"count":2},{"year":2024,"count":2}],"oa_status":"green","license":"https://www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/","oa_locations":[{"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/2633174","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/2633174","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0022283608009467?httpAccept=text/xml","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0022283608009467?httpAccept=text/plain","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmb.2008.07.077","host_type":"journal"},{"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18703073","host_type":"repository"}],"fields_of_study":["Bacteriophages and microbial interactions","DNA and Nucleic Acid Chemistry","Protein Structure and Dynamics","Amines","Bacteriophage T4","Cations","DNA Packaging","DNA, Viral","Models, Molecular","Molecular Structure","Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular","Nucleic Acid Conformation","Phosphates","Purines","Pyrimidines"],"mesh_terms":["Amines","Cations","DNA, Viral","Models, Molecular","Nucleic Acid Conformation","Phosphates","Purines","Pyrimidines","Molecular Structure","Bacteriophage T4","Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular","DNA Packaging"],"keywords":["Capsid","Bacteriophage","DNA","Chemistry","Escherichia coli","Lysine","Nucleotide","Biophysics","Crystallography","Biochemistry","Biology","Gene","Amino acid"],"sdg_mappings":[{"sdg_number":0,"sdg_label":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"linked_datasets":[],"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"database_accessions":[{"name":"pdb"}],"source":"live","citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-08-02T23:48:09.369719Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}