{"doi":"10.1016/j.jbc.2026.111350","title":"Decoding the glycan shield: Immune recognition and response to the HIV-1 envelope trimer","abstract":null,"journal":"Journal of Biological Chemistry","year":2026,"id":606621,"datarank":0.16479184330021646,"base_score":1.0986122886681096,"endowment":1.0986122886681096,"self_citation_contribution":0.16479184330021646,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.16479184330021646,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":2,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":null,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":false,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":null,"fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":644783,"name":"Trevor M. Adams","orcid":"0000-0002-6661-1694","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1557361,"name":"Mariye Erol Demirturk","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":446805,"name":"Fikri Y. Avci","orcid":"0000-0002-1902-7532","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":843506,"name":"Fathima Zahra Nawaz","orcid":"0000-0002-0871-8354","position":0,"is_corresponding":false}],"reference_count":0,"raw_metadata":{"has_enrichment":true,"resolved":true,"title":"Decoding the glycan shield: Immune recognition and response to the HIV-1 envelope trimer","abstract":"The HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein (Env) is essential for viral entry and infection of host cells. Composed of the trimer of the gp120/gp41 heterodimeric glycoproteins, the Env trimer is the primary target for neutralizing antibodies. Extensive research over the past forty years has focused on developing advanced immunogens, specifically recombinant, native-like Env trimers and structure-guided, germline-targeting constructs, to elicit protective antibody responses. The Env trimer is encased by up to 90 N-linked glycosylation sites, whose occupancy effectively shields the underlying protein from immune surveillance. While it is well established that glycosylation of HIV-1 gp120 affects antibody responses in infected individuals and that many broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) depend on glycan-specific epitopes, the capacity of Env-derived glycopeptides to act as unconventional CD4 + T cell epitopes and shape helper T cell responses remains comparatively underexplored. This review examines the adaptive immune responses triggered by HIV Env, with an emphasis on how Env glycosylation simultaneously constrains B cell recognition and contributes to antigen processing and T cell–mediated immune responses, aiming to lay the groundwork for future vaccine development and to inform strategies that elicit robust and lasting protection against HIV-1 infection.","is_dataset_classified":null,"base_score":1.0986122886681096,"endowment":1.0986122886681096,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"views":0,"has_version_chain":false,"is_dataset":false,"is_oa":false,"pmid":"41796803","pmcid":"PMC13068660","openalex_id":"https://openalex.org/W7134108103","authors":[],"funders":[{"funder_name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Division of Intramural Research","grant_id":"R01AI123383","title":null},{"funder_name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Division of Intramural Research","grant_id":"R01AI152766","title":null},{"funder_name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Division of Intramural Research","grant_id":"R41AI157287","title":null},{"funder_name":"National Institutes of Health","grant_id":"","title":null}],"total_grants":4,"fwci":14.7187,"citation_percentile":0.98618252,"influential_citations":0,"citation_trend":[{"year":2026,"count":2}],"oa_status":"gold","license":"cc-by","oa_locations":[{"url":"https://www.jbc.org/article/S0021-9258(26)00220-6/pdf","host_type":"journal"},{"url":"https://www.jbc.org/article/S0021-9258(26)00220-6/pdf","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0021925826002206?httpAccept=text/xml","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0021925826002206?httpAccept=text/plain","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbc.2026.111350","host_type":"journal"},{"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41796803","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13068660/","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13068660/pdf/main.pdf","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13068660","host_type":"Europe_PMC"},{"url":"https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13068660?pdf=render","host_type":"Europe_PMC"}],"fields_of_study":["HIV Research and Treatment","Glycosylation and Glycoproteins Research","Immunotherapy and Immune Responses"],"mesh_terms":["Animals","Glycosylation","Humans","Polysaccharides","HIV Antibodies","HIV-1","HIV Infections","HIV Envelope Protein gp120","HIV Envelope Protein gp41","env Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus","Protein Multimerization","Antibodies, Neutralizing"],"keywords":["Trimer","Glycan","Decoding methods","Envelope (radar)","Immune system","HIV","Envelope glycoprotein","N-Glycosylation","adaptive immunity","Helper T Cells","Bnab","Glycoimmunology","T-carb"],"sdg_mappings":[{"sdg_number":0,"sdg_label":"Good health and well-being"}],"linked_datasets":[],"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"database_accessions":[],"source":"live","citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-07-30T04:53:18.882031Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}