{"doi":"10.1016/j.jacl.2025.02.008","title":"Epidemiology and longitudinal course of chylomicronemia: Insights from NHANES and a large health care system","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Chylomicronemia is characterized by fasting triglyceride (TG) ≥1000 mg/dL; its longitudinal course is not well studied. METHODS: Using National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data (1999-2018; n = 21,998), we determined chylomicronemia prevalence and temporal trend. Using Mayo Clinic data (4,524,506 TG measurements for 1,294,044 individuals), we studied the longitudinal course and ascertained persistent chylomicronemia (PC), defined as TG ≥1000 mg/dL in more than half the measurements for individuals with ≥3 measurements. We used logistic regression to assess factors associated with PC. RESULTS: In NHANES, the prevalence of chylomicronemia was 0.20% overall, with higher prevalence in men (0.32%) and Hispanics (0.33%). Chylomicronemia prevalence declined from 0.34% in 1999-2004 to 0.11% in 2013-2018, while lipid-lowering pharmacotherapy use in chylomicronemia patients increased from 5.3% to 51.9%. In the Mayo Clinic data, 5618 individuals (0.43%) had at least 1 episode of chylomicronemia. Of these, 8.8% (390 of 4443 with ≥3 measurements) met the operational definition for PC. In individuals with TG <150 mg/dL, 1.3% had a diagnosis of acute pancreatitis, and 0.6% had chronic pancreatitis. Respective figures for individuals with nonpersistent chylomicronemia were 12.5% and 5.1%, and for individuals with PC were 26.2% and 11.5%. Younger age, Hispanic ethnicity, prior pancreatitis, and higher TG levels were associated with PC. CONCLUSION: In the US, 1 in ∼500 adults has chylomicronemia and 1 in ∼5500 has PC. Individuals with PC have high occurrence of acute and chronic pancreatitis and may need more effective treatment.","journal":"Journal of clinical lipidology","year":2025,"id":516177,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":10,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.753,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2025-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":1024611,"name":"Mohammadreza Naderian","orcid":"0000-0003-1827-3173","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1371930,"name":"Miriam Larouche","orcid":"0009-0007-2356-5396","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":424869,"name":"Daniel Gaudet","orcid":"0000-0002-5185-3666","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":58250,"name":"Iftikhar J. Kullo","orcid":"0000-0002-6524-3471","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":233725,"name":"Christie M. Ballantyne","orcid":"0000-0002-6432-1730","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":683350,"name":"Seyedmohammad Saadatagah","orcid":"0000-0003-4950-8334","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":29,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T02:48:44.647022Z","pmid":"40155283","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}