{"doi":"10.1016/j.jaad.2022.09.004","title":"Prospective study evaluating the personal history of rosacea and risk of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma among women in the United States","abstract":"To the Editor: Inflammation and UV exposure play important roles in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) development and rosacea.1Steinhoff M. Schauber J. Leyden J.J. New insights into rosacea pathophysiology: a review of recent findings.J Am Acad Dermatol. 2013; 69: S15-S26https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2013.04.045Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (235) Google Scholar, 2Li W.Q. Zhang M. Danby F.W. Han J. Qureshi A.A. Personal history of rosacea and risk of incident cancer among women in the US.Br J Cancer. 2015; 113: 520-523https://doi.org/10.1038/bjc.2015.217Crossref PubMed Scopus (37) Google Scholar, 3Berhane T. Halliday G.M. Cooke B. Barnetson R.S.C. Inflammation is associated with progression of actinic keratoses to squamous cell carcinomas in humans.Br J Dermatol. 2002; 146: 810-815https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2002.04720.xCrossref PubMed Scopus (107) Google Scholar We evaluated the relationship between the personal history of rosacea and risks of cSCC by body site in the Nurses’ Health Study II, focusing on the head and neck (HN) region given rosacea’s primary presentation in the central portion of the face. Study participants completed biennial questionnaires that gathered medical history, including clinician-diagnosed cSCC and rosacea. Our study consisted of 90,249 white participants with no skin cancer history at baseline followed for 20 years (1991-2011) (Supplement I, available via Mendeley at https://doi.org/10.17632/8syg4jvp5v.3). Cox proportional hazard models were applied to estimate associations between the history of rosacea and cSCC risk. Multivariate models were adjusted for age and other skin cancer risk factors. During the follow-up, 577 cSCC cases were documented and confirmed by pathology reports. Baseline characteristics of study participants according to the history of rosacea are described in Table I. Rosacea was associated with statistically significant increased cSCC risk; relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals were 1.40 (1.02, 1.93) (Table II). When cSCCs were grouped by HN versus non-HN sites, there was a significantly increased risk of HN cSCC (RR = 1.71 [1.09, 2.69]), but no significant associations with non-HN cSCC (RR = 1.21 [0.78, 1.90]; P = .29). When comparing face versus nonface HN cSCCs, rosacea was associated with an increased nonface HN cSCC risk, but not with face HN cSCC (P = .32). Associations did not differ by sunscreen usage and UV exposure (Supplementary Table I, available via Mendeley at https://doi.org/10.17632/g3982h3ytj.2). cSCC in regions of typical rosacea outbreaks (forehead/nose/cheeks/periocular/chin) in patients with no rosacea history comprised 72.8% of total HN cSCC versus 75.0% in those with rosacea history.Table IAge-standardized baseline characteristics of study participants according to the history of rosacea in the Nurses’ Health Study II, 1991Characteristics∗Data are presented as means (SD) or by percentage for categorical variables, and are standardized to the age distribution of the study population, unless otherwise indicated.RosaceaNoYesNo. of participants89,1631086Age, mean (SD), y†Values are not age-adjusted.36.1 (4.7)37.6 (4.1)Family history of melanoma, %4.45.2Current smoker, %11.99.2Past smoker, %22.726.5Pack-years, forever smokers11.8 (8.6)10.4 (7.8)Alcohol intake, mean (SD), g/d3.2 (6.1)2.9 (5.3)Body mass index, mean (SD), kg/m224.6 (5.3)25.0 (5.9)Physical activity, metabolic equivalent hours per week (SD)20.7 (26.5)18.8 (22.5)Annual erythemal UV exposure at residence, mean (SD), mW/m2185.6 (23.6)184.4 (23.3)Hair color, % Light brown30.433.5 Dark brown/black39.936.7 Blonde16.518.6 Red3.94.2 Missing9.37.0Skin reaction to sun, % Burn reaction to the sun24.125.3Blistering burn reaction to theSun24.030.2Number of severe or blistering sunburns from ages 15-20 years, % None32.830.3 1-239.735.5 3-417.219.8 5+10.013.6 Missing0.30.8Number of moles on the legs (>3 mm), % None45.743.2 1-218.818.5 3-410.210.9 5+21.824.1 Missing3.","journal":"Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology","year":2022,"id":282663,"datarank":0.31191623125197543,"base_score":2.0794415416798357,"endowment":2.0794415416798357,"self_citation_contribution":0.31191623125197543,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.31191623125197543,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":7,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9449,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2022-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":959102,"name":"Suvithan Rajadurai","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":240411,"name":"Abrar A. Qureshi","orcid":"0000-0001-6157-6474","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":284194,"name":"Eunyoung Cho","orcid":"0000-0001-6594-2582","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":958653,"name":"Erica Lin","orcid":"0000-0002-7641-6040","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":5,"raw_metadata":{"citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-07-19T00:29:19.691592Z","pmid":"36089188","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}