{"doi":"10.1016/j.jaac.2020.08.440","title":"The p Factor Consistently Predicts Long-Term Psychiatric and Functional Outcomes in Anxiety-Disordered Youth","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: Pediatric anxiety disorders can have a chronic course and are considered gateway disorders to adult psychopathology, but no consistent predictors of long-term outcome have been identified. A single latent symptom dimension that reflects features shared by all mental health disorders, the p factor, is thought to reflect mechanisms that cut across mental disorders. Whether p predicts outcome in youth with psychiatric disorders has not been examined. We tested whether the p factor predicted long-term psychiatric and functional outcomes in a large, naturalistically followed-up cohort of anxiety-disordered youth. METHOD: Children and adolescents enrolled in a randomized controlled treatment trial of pediatric anxiety were followed-up on average 6 years posttreatment and then annually for 4 years. Structural equation modeling was used to estimate p at baseline. Both p and previously established predictors were modeled as predictors of long-term outcome. RESULTS: Higher levels of p at baseline were related to more mental health disorders, poorer functioning, and greater impairment across all measures at all follow-up time points. p Predicted outcome above and beyond previously identified predictors, including diagnostic comorbidity at baseline. Post hoc analyses showed that p predicted long-term anxiety outcome, but not acute treatment outcome, suggesting that p may be uniquely associated with long-term outcome. CONCLUSION: Children and adolescents with anxiety disorders who present with a liability toward broad mental health problems may be at a higher risk for poor long-term outcome across mental health and functional domains. Efforts to assess and to address this broad liability may enhance long-term outcome.","journal":"Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry","year":2020,"id":96698,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":34,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9518,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2020-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":341356,"name":"Lesley A. Norris","orcid":"0000-0003-2072-4308","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":479063,"name":"Golda S. Ginsburg","orcid":"0000-0001-5172-2079","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":479064,"name":"Elizabeth Gosch","orcid":"0000-0002-2367-090X","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":331683,"name":"Scott N. Compton","orcid":"0000-0003-2887-9582","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":298350,"name":"John Piacentini","orcid":"0000-0003-4195-7194","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":479065,"name":"Anne Marie Albano","orcid":"0000-0003-3365-4636","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":453752,"name":"Dara Sakolsky","orcid":null,"position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":18900,"name":"BORIS BIRMAHER","orcid":"0000-0001-9299-6519","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":285119,"name":"Courtney Keeton","orcid":"0000-0003-3797-2973","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":303752,"name":"Eric A. Storch","orcid":"0000-0002-7631-3703","position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":341359,"name":"Philip C. Kendall","orcid":"0000-0001-7034-6961","position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":434328,"name":"Matti Cervin","orcid":"0000-0003-1188-8706","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":51,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-18T22:35:06.014648Z","pmid":"32950650","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}