{"doi":"10.1016/j.ijcrp.2025.200538","title":"Do music-related leisure activities influence cardiovascular disease risk, blood pressure and heart rate in older adults?","abstract":"Background: This study examined the associations between music-related leisure activities (listening to music or playing a musical instrument) and incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) events, changes in systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP, DBP) and heart rate (HR) among community-dwelling Australians aged ≥70 years. Whether these associations varied by gender and age was also explored. Methods: Longitudinal data from individuals enrolled in the ASPREE-XT study were analyzed. Participants had no prior CVD events or known life-limiting health conditions at baseline. Cox proportional-hazard regression and linear mixed models were used. Results: Among 10,591 participants followed for a median of 5.5 years, 780 incident CVD events occurred. After adjustment for sociodemographic factors, often listening to music was associated with a 23 % lower risk and always listening to music with an 18 % lower risk of incident CVD events. These associations attenuated after further adjustment for behaviors and clinical measures. Playing a musical instrument was not associated with incident CVD events. Findings did not differ by gender or age group (p-interaction>0.05). No associations were found between music-related activities and changes in SBP, DBP and HR. However, always listening to music was associated with an increase in HR per year among women (adjusted-beta, 0.13). Among people aged ≥74 years, often/always playing musical instruments was associated with an increase in SBP (adjusted-beta, 0.44) and DBP (adjusted-beta, 0.17) per year. Conclusion: Our preliminary findings provide little evidence of a link between listening to music and a reduced CVD risk, other than that through associated behavioral factors.","journal":"International Journal of Cardiology Cardiovascular Risk and Prevention","year":2025,"id":537023,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":1,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9625,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2025-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":332013,"name":"Joanne Ryan","orcid":"0000-0002-7039-6325","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":537492,"name":"Alice Owen","orcid":"0000-0002-4807-6069","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":284811,"name":"Andrew Tonkin","orcid":"0000-0001-5291-0610","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":104607,"name":"Anne M. Murray","orcid":"0000-0002-2787-8433","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":636786,"name":"Zhen Zhou","orcid":"0000-0002-0835-8686","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":264292,"name":"Robyn L. Woods","orcid":"0000-0003-1249-6149","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":686179,"name":"Aung Zaw Zaw Phyo","orcid":"0000-0002-8834-4072","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1279674,"name":"Abdulbaset Sulaiman","orcid":"0009-0009-7362-589X","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":38,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T02:52:09.056872Z","pmid":"41230126","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}