{"doi":"10.1016/j.ihj.2022.07.008","title":"Association of country economy and socioeconomic factors on risk factor control for primary prevention of cardiovascular disease in patients with diabetes mellitus: Insights from the DISCOVER study","abstract":"BACKGROUND: We sought to describe global patterns in achievement of risk factor control for primary prevention in patients with T2D and explore the association of country's GNI/capita with risk factor control. METHODS: The DISCOVER study is a prospective, observational study of patients with T2D from 38 countries enrolled at initiation of second-line glucose-lowering therapy. We examined achievement of risk factor control (glycosylated hemoglobin <7%, blood pressure <140/90 mmHg, prescription of a statin) at 3 years among those without optimal control at baseline. Countries were stratified by gross national income (GNI)/capita, from 2017). We examined the impact of country GNI/capita with achievement of risk factor control. FINDINGS: Our cohort included 9613 patients with T2D and without baseline cardiovascular disease (mean age 57.2 ± 8.7 years, 47.9% women). At baseline, 6354/7646 patients (83.1%) had suboptimal glucose control, 3449/9200 patients (37.5%) had suboptimal BP control, and 2800/4221 patients (66.7%) were not on an appropriate statin (sample sizes differed due to missing covariate data). Optimal control at 3 years of follow-up was achieved in 41% (glucose), 56% (blood pressure), and 29% (statins) of patients. There was significant variability in achievement of risk factor control across countries but no association between country GNI/capita with achievement of risk factor control (p > 0.08 for all). INTERPRETATION: In a global, prospective study of patients with T2D, we found that cardiovascular risk factor control achievement was suboptimal despite 3 years of follow-up in specialized health care systems. Neither country-level nor patient-level socioeconomic factors fully explained this finding.","journal":"Indian Heart Journal","year":2022,"id":279983,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":2,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.6898,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2022-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":854014,"name":"Hungta Chen","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":744135,"name":"Fengming Tang","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":954027,"name":"Paul Chan","orcid":"0000-0003-4958-5487","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":473366,"name":"Andrew Cooper","orcid":"0000-0003-1025-0268","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":853220,"name":"Marília Brito Gomes","orcid":"0000-0003-4458-4741","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":546116,"name":"Vittal Hejjaji","orcid":"0000-0002-4323-040X","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":841317,"name":"Linong Ji","orcid":"0000-0003-1305-1598","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":236347,"name":"Kamlesh Khunti","orcid":"0000-0003-2343-7099","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":57284,"name":"Mikhail Kosiborod","orcid":"0000-0002-3750-9789","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":954028,"name":"Antonio Nicolucci","orcid":"0000-0002-5939-6850","position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":312385,"name":"Poghni Peri-Okonny","orcid":"0000-0001-6424-8089","position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":625598,"name":"М. В. Шестакова","orcid":"0000-0002-5057-127X","position":12,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":853222,"name":"Jiten Vora","orcid":"0000-0002-3488-5287","position":13,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":853223,"name":"Hirotaka Watada","orcid":"0000-0001-5961-1816","position":14,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":239732,"name":"Suzanne V. Arnold","orcid":"0000-0003-3367-0302","position":15,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":312384,"name":"Ali O. Malik","orcid":"0000-0003-2205-3384","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":43,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T00:28:59.341002Z","pmid":"35926587","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}