{"doi":"10.1016/j.ekir.2020.07.019","title":"Validity of Urine NGALds Dipstick for Acute Kidney Injury in a Malawian Trauma Cohort","abstract":"IntroductionAcute kidney injury (AKI) is a major cause of mortality worldwide, particularly in low-resource settings with limited diagnostic testing. Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) has shown promise in predicting AKI. Nested within a larger, prospective cohort study evaluating AKI incidence in admitted trauma patients, our objective was to evaluate a novel dipstick, NGALds, for the prediction of AKI in Malawi, Africa.MethodsParticipants were >6 months of age. Spearman rank correlation coefficients (R) assessed NGAL categories (negative [≤50 ng/ml], low risk [51−149 ng/ml], moderate risk [150−299 ng/ml], and high risk [≥300 ng/ml]) for the urine NGALds dipstick and laboratory-based NGAL Test.ResultsWe enrolled 285 participants (one-third children). Thirteen percent developed AKI. The dipstick captured 45 of 52 participants (86.5%) with moderate- or high-risk NGAL values on laboratory-based testing (R = 0.74). The dipstick had sensitivity of 44.4%, specificity of 73.5%, positive predictive value of 19.5%, and negative predictive value of 90.2% for predicting AKI. Acute kidney injury was associated with an increased risk of mortality (relative risk [RR] = 3.9, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.9−8.2), but mortality risk greatly increased among children who first had a positive (≥150 ng/ml) NGALds result (RR = 12.0, 95% CI = 1.8−78.4).ConclusionsThe NGALds dipstick performed similarly to the NGAL Test in this low-resource setting and may be a useful tool to rule out AKI. It may be even more important in predicting high mortality risk among children.","journal":"Kidney International Reports","year":2020,"id":81273,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":14,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9475,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2020-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":421365,"name":"William Muronya","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":421366,"name":"Manly Kamija","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":420428,"name":"Zachary H. Smith","orcid":"0000-0003-2926-8724","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":421367,"name":"Charles K. Munthali","orcid":null,"position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":247062,"name":"Keisha L. Gibson","orcid":"0000-0003-4702-8150","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":269855,"name":"Amy K. Mottl","orcid":"0000-0002-4258-1726","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":324101,"name":"Anthony Charles","orcid":"0000-0001-7332-4354","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":338712,"name":"Stephen W. Marshall","orcid":"0000-0002-2664-9233","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":383773,"name":"Yvonne M. Golightly","orcid":"0000-0003-1205-2759","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":420429,"name":"Emily W. Gower","orcid":"0000-0003-1016-9910","position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":336743,"name":"Erica C. Bjornstad","orcid":"0000-0002-4191-9510","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":25,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-18T21:52:34.401799Z","pmid":"33102973","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}