{"doi":"10.1016/j.ejmp.2018.10.025","title":"Interlaced proton grid therapy – Linear energy transfer and relative biological effectiveness distributions","abstract":null,"journal":"Physica Medica","year":2018,"id":643158,"datarank":0.31191623125197543,"base_score":2.0794415416798357,"endowment":2.0794415416798357,"self_citation_contribution":0.31191623125197543,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.31191623125197543,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":7,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":null,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":false,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":null,"fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":1369121,"name":"Jakob Ödén","orcid":"0000-0002-0644-5022","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":875218,"name":"Thomas Henry","orcid":"0000-0002-0687-8565","position":0,"is_corresponding":false}],"reference_count":0,"raw_metadata":{"has_enrichment":true,"resolved":true,"title":"Interlaced proton grid therapy – Linear energy transfer and relative biological effectiveness distributions","abstract":"<h4>Purpose</h4>Interlaced beams have previously been proposed for delivering proton grid therapy. This study aims to assess dose-averaged LET (LET<sub>d</sub>) and RBE-weighted dose (D<sub>RBE</sub>) distributions of such beam geometries, and compare them with conventional intensity modulated proton therapy (IMPT).<h4>Methods</h4>IMPT plans and four different interlaced proton grid therapy plans were generated for five patient cases (esophagus, lung, liver, prostate, anus). The constant RBE = 1.1 was assumed for optimization. The LET<sub>d</sub> was subsequently Monte Carlo calculated for each plan and used as input for two LET-dependent variable RBE models. The fulfilment of clinical goals, along with DVH and spatial distribution evaluations, were then assessed and compared.<h4>Results</h4>All plans fulfilled the clinical target goals assuming RBE = 1.1. The target coverage was slightly compromised for some grid plans when assuming the variable RBE models. All IMPT plans, and 18 of 20 grid plans, fulfilled all clinical goals for the organs at risk when assuming RBE = 1.1, whereas most plans failed at least one goal when assuming the variable RBE models. Compared with the IMPT plans, the grid plans demonstrated substantially different LET<sub>d</sub> distributions due to the fundamentally different beam geometries. However, D<sub>RBE</sub> distributions in the target were similar.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Despite the unconventional beam geometries of interlaced proton grid plans, with resulting alternating dose and LET<sub>d</sub> patterns, the fulfillment of realistic clinical goals seems to be comparable to regular IMPT plans, both assuming RBE = 1.1 and variable RBE models. In addition, the alternating grid patterns do not seem to give rise to unexpected D<sub>RBE</sub> hot-spots.","is_dataset_classified":null,"base_score":2.0794415416798357,"endowment":2.0794415416798357,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"views":0,"has_version_chain":false,"is_dataset":false,"is_oa":false,"pmid":"30473384","pmcid":null,"openalex_id":"https://openalex.org/W2900922600","authors":[],"funders":[],"total_grants":0,"fwci":0.7981,"citation_percentile":0.74235701,"influential_citations":0,"citation_trend":[{"year":2019,"count":1},{"year":2020,"count":2},{"year":2021,"count":2},{"year":2024,"count":1},{"year":2025,"count":1}],"oa_status":"closed","license":"https://www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/","oa_locations":[{"url":"https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S1120179718313115?httpAccept=text/xml","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S1120179718313115?httpAccept=text/plain","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejmp.2018.10.025","host_type":"journal"},{"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30473384","host_type":"repository"}],"fields_of_study":["Radiation Therapy and Dosimetry","Advanced Radiotherapy Techniques","Radiation Effects in Electronics","Anal Canal","Esophagus","Humans","Linear Energy Transfer","Liver","Lung","Male","Monte Carlo Method","Prostate","Proton Therapy","Radiotherapy Dosage","Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted","Radiotherapy, Intensity-Modulated","Relative Biological Effectiveness"],"mesh_terms":["Anal Canal","Esophagus","Humans","Liver","Lung","Male","Monte Carlo Method","Prostate","Radiotherapy Dosage","Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted","Relative Biological Effectiveness","Linear Energy Transfer","Radiotherapy, Intensity-Modulated","Proton Therapy"],"keywords":["Proton therapy","Linear energy transfer","Proton","Relative biological effectiveness","Grid","Variable (mathematics)","Beam (structure)","Radiation treatment planning","Nuclear medicine","Computational physics","Mathematics","Physics","Medicine","Irradiation","Nuclear physics","Optics","Radiation therapy","Radiology","Geometry","Mathematical analysis","Proton Grid Therapy"],"sdg_mappings":[{"sdg_number":0,"sdg_label":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"linked_datasets":[],"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"database_accessions":[],"source":"live","citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-08-08T13:24:15.476587Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}