{"doi":"10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.103910","title":"Increased inflammatory low-density neutrophils in severe obesity and effect of bariatric surgery: Results from case-control and prospective cohort studies","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Low-density neutrophils (LDN) are increased in several inflammatory diseases and may also play a role in the low-grade chronic inflammation associated with obesity. Here we explored their role in obesity, determined their gene signatures, and assessed the effect of bariatric surgery. METHODS: ) in a case-control study. Additionally, in a prospective longitudinal study, we measured changes in the frequency of LDN after bariatric surgery (n=36) and tested for associations with metabolic and inflammatory parameters. FINDINGS: LDN and inflammatory markers were significantly increased in MOP compared to NWC. Transcriptome analysis showed increased neutrophil-related gene expression signatures associated with inflammation, neutrophil activation, and immunosuppressive function. However, LDN did not suppress T cells proliferation and produced low levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Circulating LDN in MOP significantly decreased after bariatric surgery in parallel with BMI, metabolic syndrome, and inflammatory markers. INTERPRETATION: Obesity increases LDN displaying an inflammatory gene signature. Our results suggest that LDN may represent a neutrophil subset associated with chronic inflammation, a feature of obesity that has been previously associated with the appearance and progression of co-morbidities. Furthermore, bariatric surgery, as an efficient therapy for severe obesity, reduces LDN in circulation and improves several components of the metabolic syndrome supporting its recognized anti-inflammatory and beneficial metabolic effects. FUNDING: This work was supported in part by grants from the National Institutes of Health (NIH; 5P30GM114732-02, P20CA233374 - A. Ochoa and L. Miele), Pennington Biomedical NORC (P30DK072476 - E. Ravussin & LSU-NO Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center and Louisiana Clinical and Translational Science Center (LACaTS; U54-GM104940 - J. Kirwan).","journal":"EBioMedicine","year":2022,"id":242246,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":38,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9149,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2022-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":873270,"name":"William S. Richardson","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":107684,"name":"Jovanny Zabaleta","orcid":"0000-0002-5961-6761","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":872594,"name":"Ramesh Thylur Puttalingaiah","orcid":"0000-0001-8935-6780","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":646715,"name":"Andrew Chapple","orcid":"0000-0001-5332-2730","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":482697,"name":"Jiao Liu","orcid":"0000-0002-9371-0778","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":873271,"name":"Yonghyan Kim","orcid":null,"position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":873272,"name":"Michelle Ponder","orcid":null,"position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":873273,"name":"Randi DeArmitt","orcid":null,"position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":647346,"name":"Lyndsey Buckner Baiamonte","orcid":null,"position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":640734,"name":"Dorota Wyczechowska","orcid":"0000-0002-8940-6861","position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":872299,"name":"Liqin Zheng","orcid":"0000-0002-8994-423X","position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":640735,"name":"Amir A. Al-Khami","orcid":"0000-0002-9761-9760","position":12,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":647345,"name":"Jone Garai","orcid":null,"position":13,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":565989,"name":"Rachel Martini","orcid":"0000-0002-8921-0041","position":14,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":20886,"name":"Melissa B. Davis","orcid":"0000-0002-6124-6923","position":15,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":873274,"name":"Jessica Koller Gorham","orcid":null,"position":16,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":873275,"name":"James Wooldridge","orcid":null,"position":17,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":242942,"name":"Paulo C. Rodrı́guez","orcid":"0000-0001-7480-6566","position":18,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":376496,"name":"Lucio Miele","orcid":"0000-0002-5853-7287","position":19,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":640736,"name":"Augusto C. Ochoa","orcid":"0000-0001-6457-8029","position":20,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":646712,"name":"Maria Dulfary Sanchez‐Pino","orcid":"0000-0001-5271-9840","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":51,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T00:23:05.485568Z","pmid":"35248994","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}