{"doi":"10.1016/j.crmeth.2022.100350","title":"Ex vivo assays show human gamma-delta T cells specific for common allergens are Th1-polarized in allergic donors","abstract":"Gamma-delta (γδ) T cells contribute to the pathology of many immune-related diseases; however, no ex vivo assays to study their activities are currently available. Here, we established a methodology to characterize human allergen-reactive γδ T cells in peripheral blood using an activation-induced marker assay targeting upregulated 4-1BB and CD69 expression. Broad and reproducible ex vivo allergen-reactive γδ T cell responses were detected in donors sensitized to mouse, cockroach, house dust mite, and timothy grass, but the response did not differ from that in non-allergic participants. The reactivity to 4 different allergen extracts was readily detected in 54.2%–100% of allergic subjects in a donor- and allergen-specific pattern and was abrogated by T cell receptor (TCR) blocking. Analysis of CD40L upregulation and intracellular cytokine staining revealed a T helper type 1 (Th1)-polarized response against mouse and cockroach extract stimulation. These results support the existence of allergen-reactive γδ T cells and their potential use in rebalancing dysregulated Th2 responses in allergic diseases.","journal":"Cell Reports Methods","year":2022,"id":264658,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":12,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9547,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2022-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":615292,"name":"Eric Wang","orcid":"0000-0002-2378-9505","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":627292,"name":"Emily Garrigan","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":103772,"name":"Aaron Sutherland","orcid":"0000-0003-3772-5024","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":581271,"name":"Natalie N. Khalil","orcid":"0000-0003-1209-2718","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":811337,"name":"Kendall Kearns","orcid":"0000-0002-4633-4554","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":2393,"name":"John Pham","orcid":"0009-0001-8995-0840","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":742515,"name":"Véronique Schulten","orcid":"0000-0001-8973-7970","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":34766,"name":"Bjoern Peters","orcid":"0000-0002-8457-6693","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":103777,"name":"April Frazier","orcid":"0000-0002-4722-7304","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":55670,"name":"Alessandro Sette","orcid":"0000-0001-7013-2250","position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":106294,"name":"Ricardo da Silva Antunes","orcid":"0000-0001-9785-5272","position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":106293,"name":"Esther Dawen Yu","orcid":"0000-0002-3970-3753","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":75,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T00:26:41.845195Z","pmid":"36590684","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}