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Blood monocyte cell subsets were also skewed, showing a comparative decrease in non-classical CD14−CD16+ and intermediate CD14+CD16+ monocytes. In lymphocytes, the CD8+ T effector memory cells displayed a gene expression signature consistent with stronger T cell activation in Progressors. These early stage observations could serve as the basis for the development of prognostic biomarkers of disease risk and interventional strategies to improve the management of severe COVID-19. Much of the literature on immune response post-SARS-CoV-2 infection has been in the acute and post-acute phases of infection. We find differences at early time points of infection in approximately 160 participants. We compared multi-omic signatures in immune cells between individuals progressing to needing more significant medical intervention and non-progressors. We observed widespread evidence of a state of increased inflammation associated with progression, supported by a range of epigenomic, transcriptomic, and proteomic signatures The signatures we find support other findings at later time points and serve as the basis for prognostic biomarker development or inform interventional strategies.","is_dataset_classified":null,"base_score":2.1972245773362196,"endowment":2.1972245773362196,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"views":0,"has_version_chain":false,"is_dataset":false,"is_oa":false,"pmid":"37852344","pmcid":null,"openalex_id":"https://openalex.org/W4387676124","authors":[],"funders":[{"funder_name":"Kansas Masonic Foundation","grant_id":"63/496,918","title":null},{"funder_name":"National Institutes of Health","grant_id":"3OT2HL161847-01S3","title":"OTA-21-015A Post-Acute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 Infection Initiative: NYU Langone Health Clinical Science Core, Data Resource Core, and PASC Biorepository Core"},{"funder_name":"National Institutes of Health","grant_id":"3R33HL151254-05S1","title":"Medications for Obstructive Sleep Apnea to Improve Cognition in Children with Down Syndrome (MOSAIC DS)"},{"funder_name":"National Institutes of Health","grant_id":"1UG3HL140144-01","title":"Impact of Low Flow Nocturnal Oxygen Therapy On Hospital Readmission/Mortalityin Patients with Heart Failure and Central Sleep Apneal (LOFT-HF)"},{"funder_name":"National Institutes of Health","grant_id":"1C06OD028307-01","title":"UAHS Sleep Research Center Construction Grant"},{"funder_name":"National Institutes of Health","grant_id":"5R21HD109777-02","title":"DEtermining Capacity and Informing Down syndrome Assent Strategies (DECIDAS)"},{"funder_name":"National Institutes of Health","grant_id":"3OT2HL158287-01S4","title":"NHLBI Maternal Morbidity and Mortality (3M) Administrative Coordinating Center"},{"funder_name":"National Institutes of Health","grant_id":"2R25HL126140-05","title":"ARIZONA PRIDE-25: TRANSLATIONAL APPROACHES TO HEALTH DISPARITIES IN THE LUNG"},{"funder_name":"National Institutes of Health","grant_id":"1R56HL138377-01","title":"Predictive Analytics and Peer-Driven Intervention for Guideline-based Care for Sleep Apnea"},{"funder_name":"Society for Anthropological Sciences","grant_id":"","title":null},{"funder_name":"AstraZeneca","grant_id":"","title":null},{"funder_name":"Verily Life Sciences LLC","grant_id":"","title":null},{"funder_name":"GlaxoSmithKline","grant_id":"","title":null},{"funder_name":"Janssen Research and Development LLC","grant_id":"","title":null}],"total_grants":14,"fwci":1.3612,"citation_percentile":0.80366888,"influential_citations":0,"citation_trend":[{"year":2023,"count":1},{"year":2024,"count":4},{"year":2025,"count":2},{"year":2026,"count":1}],"oa_status":"hybrid","license":"cc-by-nc","oa_locations":[{"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clim.2023.109808","host_type":"journal"},{"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clim.2023.109808","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S1521661623005715?httpAccept=text/xml","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S1521661623005715?httpAccept=text/plain","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37852344","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2023.05.25.542297","host_type":""},{"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37292797","host_type":""},{"url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/2023.05.25.542297","host_type":""}],"fields_of_study":["COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies","Long-Term Effects of COVID-19","COVID-19 and Mental Health","0303 health sciences","03 medical and health sciences"],"mesh_terms":["COVID-19","SARS-CoV-2","Multiomics","Humans","Cytokines","Proteomics"],"keywords":["Immune system","CD14","CD16","Immunology","Epigenomics","Transcriptome","Biology","Disease","Monocyte","CD8","Inflammation","Medicine","Gene","Gene expression","Internal medicine","Genetics","DNA methylation","CD3","Early Infection","Systems Immunology","Multi-omic Analysis","Sars-cov-2","Covid19","Proteomics","Humans","COVID-19","Cytokines","Multiomics","Article"],"sdg_mappings":[{"sdg_number":0,"sdg_label":"Good health and well-being"}],"linked_datasets":[],"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"database_accessions":[],"source":"live","citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-08-06T19:26:21.131587Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}