{"doi":"10.1016/j.celrep.2021.108861","title":"Antigen presentation between T cells drives Th17 polarization under conditions of limiting antigen","abstract":"T cells form immunological synapses with professional antigen-presenting cells (APCs) resulting in T cell activation and the acquisition of peptide antigen-MHC (pMHC) complexes from the plasma membrane of the APC. They thus become APCs themselves. We investigate the functional outcome of T-T cell antigen presentation by CD4 T cells and find that the antigen-presenting T cells (Tpres) predominantly differentiate into regulatory T cells (Treg), whereas T cells that have been stimulated by Tpres cells predominantly differentiate into Th17 pro-inflammatory cells. Using mice deficient in pMHC uptake by T cells, we show that T-T antigen presentation is important for the development of experimental autoimmune encephalitis and Th17 cell differentiation in vivo. By varying the professional APC:T cell ratio, we can modulate Treg versus Th17 differentiation in vitro and in vivo, suggesting that T-T antigen presentation underlies proinflammatory responses in conditions of antigen scarcity.","journal":"Cell Reports","year":2021,"id":169901,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":28,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.956,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2021-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":701749,"name":"Elena R. Bovolenta","orcid":"0000-0003-3333-1458","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":701750,"name":"Ana Villanueva","orcid":"0000-0002-5007-5129","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":701751,"name":"Aldo Borroto","orcid":"0000-0002-3539-1078","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":701752,"name":"Clara L. Oeste","orcid":"0000-0002-7035-132X","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":701753,"name":"Hisse M. van Santen","orcid":"0000-0003-0769-4511","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":701754,"name":"Cristina Prieto","orcid":"0000-0002-0812-8100","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":373898,"name":"Diego Alonso‐López","orcid":"0000-0003-1015-9923","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":701755,"name":"Manuel D. Díaz‐Muñoz","orcid":"0000-0002-9227-7474","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":663809,"name":"Facundo D. Batista","orcid":"0000-0002-1130-9463","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":701756,"name":"Balbino Alarcón","orcid":"0000-0001-7820-1070","position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":702714,"name":"Viola L. Boccasavia","orcid":null,"position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":48,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-18T23:46:19.728805Z","pmid":"33730591","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}