{"doi":"10.1016/j.celrep.2020.107795","title":"Sex Differences in Gene Expression and Regulatory Networks across 29 Human Tissues","abstract":"Sex differences manifest in many diseases and may drive sex-specific therapeutic responses. To understand the molecular basis of sex differences, we evaluated sex-biased gene regulation by constructing sample-specific gene regulatory networks in 29 human healthy tissues using 8,279 whole-genome expression profiles from the Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) project. We find sex-biased regulatory network structures in each tissue. Even though most transcription factors (TFs) are not differentially expressed between males and females, many have sex-biased regulatory targeting patterns. In each tissue, genes that are differentially targeted by TFs between the sexes are enriched for tissue-related functions and diseases. In brain tissue, for example, genes associated with Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease are targeted by different sets of TFs in each sex. Our systems-based analysis identifies a repertoire of TFs that play important roles in sex-specific architecture of gene regulatory networks, and it underlines sex-specific regulatory processes in both health and disease.","journal":"Cell Reports","year":2020,"id":48131,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":544,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.8869,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2020-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":226259,"name":"Cho-Yi Chen","orcid":"0000-0002-7915-7814","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":226260,"name":"Marieke L. Kuijjer","orcid":"0000-0001-6280-3130","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":106253,"name":"Joseph N. Paulson","orcid":"0000-0001-8221-7139","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":226261,"name":"Abhijeet R. Sonawane","orcid":"0000-0002-1166-6479","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":226262,"name":"Maud Fagny","orcid":"0000-0002-7740-2521","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":226263,"name":"John Platig","orcid":"0000-0002-4446-8516","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":36157,"name":"Kimberly Glass","orcid":"0000-0003-4394-5779","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":6384,"name":"John Quackenbush","orcid":"0000-0002-2702-5879","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":24957,"name":"Dawn L. DeMeo","orcid":"0000-0001-9653-0636","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":226258,"name":"Camila M. Lopes‐Ramos","orcid":"0000-0003-0284-7371","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":52,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-18T20:34:12.647743Z","pmid":"32579922","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}