{"doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2021.100896","title":"Sickle cell exerted protection against malarial infection in Nigerian children (6–59 months)","abstract":"Malaria, caused by five Plasmodium species, is responsible for morbidity and mortality in many countries.1Bwire G.M. Majigo M. Makalla R. et al.Immunoglobulin G responses against falciparum malaria specific antigens are higher in children with homozygous sickle cell trait than those with normal hemoglobin.BMC Immunol. 2019; 20: 1-8https://doi.org/10.1186/s12865-019-0294-zCrossref PubMed Scopus (3) Google Scholar Globally, approximately 228 million cases of malaria were reported by the World Health Organization in 2018, and Nigeria is the country with the greatest number of cases (25%).2World Health OrganizationWorld malaria report 2019. World health organization.https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/330011Date: 2019Google Scholar These cases of malaria resulted in an estimated 405,000 deaths with children aged 6–59 months, accounting for 67% of the total global malarial deaths.2World Health OrganizationWorld malaria report 2019. World health organization.https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/330011Date: 2019Google Scholar Sickle cell disease, a genetic disorder caused by the mutation of the beta-globin gene, results in the formation of abnormal hemoglobin, is now a worldwide concern. In West African countries, most mutations are found in S or C types of hemoglobin.3Tossea S.K. Adji E.G. Coulibaly B. et al.Cross sectional study on prevalence of sickle cell alleles S and C among patients with mild malaria in Ivory Coast.BMC Res Notes. 2018; 11: 1-7https://doi.org/10.1186/s13104-018-3296-7Crossref PubMed Scopus (2) Google Scholar The homozygote genotype (SS or CC) is responsible for sickle cell anemia, whereas the heterozygote genotype AS or AC induces mild disease referred to as the sickle cell trait.3Tossea S.K. Adji E.G. Coulibaly B. et al.Cross sectional study on prevalence of sickle cell alleles S and C among patients with mild malaria in Ivory Coast.BMC Res Notes. 2018; 11: 1-7https://doi.org/10.1186/s13104-018-3296-7Crossref PubMed Scopus (2) Google Scholar Around 5% of the worldwide population carries abnormal genes in hemoglobin, with around 300,000 children born each year carrying abnormal genotypes.4Gong L. Parikh S. Rosenthal P.J. Biochemical and immunological mechanisms by which sickle cell trait protects against malaria.Mal j. 2013; 12: 1-9https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2875-12-317Crossref PubMed Scopus (48) Google Scholar Though, various studies suggest that genotypes have a relationship with the occurrence of malaria, which one of these genotypes is associated with the protection against malaria remains unclear.1Bwire G.M. Majigo M. Makalla R. et al.Immunoglobulin G responses against falciparum malaria specific antigens are higher in children with homozygous sickle cell trait than those with normal hemoglobin.BMC Immunol. 2019; 20: 1-8https://doi.org/10.1186/s12865-019-0294-zCrossref PubMed Scopus (3) Google Scholar,3Tossea S.K. Adji E.G. Coulibaly B. et al.Cross sectional study on prevalence of sickle cell alleles S and C among patients with mild malaria in Ivory Coast.BMC Res Notes. 2018; 11: 1-7https://doi.org/10.1186/s13104-018-3296-7Crossref PubMed Scopus (2) Google Scholar, 4Gong L. Parikh S. Rosenthal P.J. Biochemical and immunological mechanisms by which sickle cell trait protects against malaria.Mal j. 2013; 12: 1-9https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2875-12-317Crossref PubMed Scopus (48) Google Scholar, 5Uyoga S. Macharia A.W. Ndila C.M. et al.The indirect health effects of malaria estimated from health advantages of the sickle cell trait.Nat Commun. 2019; 10: 856https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-08775-0Crossref PubMed Scopus (18) Google Scholar, 6Williams T.N. Obaro S.K. Sickle cell disease and malaria morbidity: a tale with two tails.Trends Parasitol. 2011; 27: 315-320https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pt.2011.02.004Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (55) Google Scholar, 7Gouagna L.C. Bancone G. Yao F. et al.Genetic variation in human HBB is associated with Plasmodium falciparum transmission.Nat Genet. 20","journal":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","year":2021,"id":227451,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":0,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9567,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2021-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":728266,"name":"G. M. 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