{"doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107468","title":"Adherence to the EAT-Lancet Planetary Health Diet and Cardiometabolic Risk Markers in the Mediators of Atherosclerosis in South Asians Living in America (MASALA) Study","abstract":"Background The global food system significantly impacts environmental and human health, contributing to substantial greenhouse gas emissions. Objective We examined associations between a novel Planetary Health Diet Index (PHDI), that reflects adherence to the EAT-Lancet recommendations, and cardiometabolic risk in a cohort of South Asians. Methods We analyzed data from MASALA study participants with baseline (n=891) and 5-year follow-up (n=735) data. The PHDI comprised of 15 food components and ranged from 0 to a maximum of 140, with higher scores indicating greater adherence to the PHDI. We used multivariable linear and logistic regression models to examine cross-sectional and prospective (5-year) associations between baseline PHDI and cardiometabolic risk factors adjusting for demographic, health, and lifestyle factors, and baseline values of the outcome (prospective analyses only). Results Among MASALA study participants (47% female, mean age 55 y), the mean PHDI score was 88.8 (SD 9.47). Prospectively, higher PHDI was associated with lower percentage difference in fasting glucose (-0.29 ± 0.15 %), HbA1c (-0.08±0.04%), higher HDL (0.40±0.17 mmol/L), lower body weight (-0.37±0.12 kg), BMI (-0.08±0.03 kg/m 2 ), waist circumference (-0.49±0.17 cm), and systolic blood pressure (-0.65 ± 0.30 mmHg) ( p <0.05 for all). Each 10-unit higher PHDI was associated with a 20% lower likelihood of incident type 2 diabetes [OR (95%CI): 0.80 (0.54-0.86)]. Cross-sectionally, at baseline, 10 unit higher PHDI was associated with (β ± SE) lower percentage difference in fasting glucose (-0.45±0.22 %) and HbA1c (-0.49±0.22%), lower LDL (-0.015±0.007 mmol/L), CRP (-5.40±2.42 ug/L), higher adiponectin (4.67 ±2.02 mg/dL), lower body weight (-0.59 ±0.26 kg), BMI (-0.27±0.11 kg/m 2 ), waist circumference (-025±0.29 cm), visceral fat (-1.37±1.32 cm 2 ), and pericardial fat (-0.58±0.43 cm 3 ) ( p <0.05 for all). Higher PHDI scores were associated with lower odds of obesity [OR (95% CI): 0.80 (0.71-0.92)] and overweight [0.77 (0.74-0.85)]. Conclusions Greater adherence to a planetary healthy diet was associated with lower cardiometabolic risk factors and risk of incident type 2 diabetes. Teaser Text This study explores the link between adherence to the EAT-Lancet Planetary Health Diet and cardiometabolic risk factors in U.S. South Asians, highlighting its potential to reduce diabetes and improve health outcomes.","journal":"Current Developments in Nutrition","year":2025,"id":517422,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":8,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9328,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2025-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":196025,"name":"Linh Bui","orcid":"0000-0003-1964-5709","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":865604,"name":"Caleigh M Sawicki","orcid":"0000-0002-8353-3106","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":339101,"name":"Namratha R. Kandula","orcid":"0000-0003-2570-3426","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":245135,"name":"Alka M. Kanaya","orcid":"0000-0002-8903-1457","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1001133,"name":"Kyu Ha Lee","orcid":"0000-0002-5313-8375","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":55362,"name":"Meir J. Stampfer","orcid":"0000-0001-8865-935X","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":104570,"name":"Walter C. Willett","orcid":"0000-0003-1458-7597","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":632994,"name":"Shilpa N Bhupathiraju","orcid":"0000-0003-0173-9248","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":965207,"name":"N. Nair","orcid":"0000-0002-4437-4317","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":46,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T02:48:59.410472Z","pmid":"40568353","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}