{"doi":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2022.02.007","title":"Brainmarker-I Differentially Predicts Remission to Various Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Treatments: A Discovery, Transfer, and Blinded Validation Study","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder is characterized by neurobiological heterogeneity, possibly explaining why not all patients benefit from a given treatment. As a means to select the right treatment (stratification), biomarkers may aid in personalizing treatment prescription, thereby increasing remission rates. METHODS: The biomarker in this study was developed in a heterogeneous clinical sample (N = 4249) and first applied to two large transfer datasets, a priori stratifying young males (<18 years) with a higher individual alpha peak frequency (iAPF) to methylphenidate (N = 336) and those with a lower iAPF to multimodal neurofeedback complemented with sleep coaching (N = 136). Blinded, out-of-sample validations were conducted in two independent samples. In addition, the association between iAPF and response to guanfacine and atomoxetine was explored. RESULTS: Retrospective stratification in the transfer datasets resulted in a predicted gain in normalized remission of 17% to 30%. Blinded out-of-sample validations for methylphenidate (n = 41) and multimodal neurofeedback (n = 71) corroborated these findings, yielding a predicted gain in stratified normalized remission of 36% and 29%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: This study introduces a clinically interpretable and actionable biomarker based on the iAPF assessed during resting-state electroencephalography. Our findings suggest that acknowledging neurobiological heterogeneity can inform stratification of patients to their individual best treatment and enhance remission rates.","journal":"Biological Psychiatry Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging","year":2022,"id":242519,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":37,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9476,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2022-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":109336,"name":"Guido van Wingen","orcid":"0000-0003-3076-5891","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":556036,"name":"Giorgia Michelini","orcid":"0000-0002-0887-7582","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":873520,"name":"Kristi R. Griffiths","orcid":"0000-0002-7108-2272","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":874300,"name":"Evian Gordon","orcid":null,"position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":269753,"name":"Roger deBeus","orcid":"0000-0001-9426-2690","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":284519,"name":"Mayuresh S. Korgaonkar","orcid":"0000-0002-1339-2221","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":753191,"name":"Sandra K. Loo","orcid":"0000-0002-9108-0565","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":874301,"name":"Donna M. Palmer","orcid":null,"position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":874302,"name":"Rien Breteler","orcid":null,"position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":237637,"name":"Damiaan Denys","orcid":"0000-0002-3191-3844","position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":269749,"name":"L. Eugene Arnold","orcid":"0000-0002-0886-0692","position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":874303,"name":"Paul du Jour","orcid":null,"position":12,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":874304,"name":"Rosalinde van Ruth","orcid":null,"position":13,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":874305,"name":"Jeanine Jansen","orcid":null,"position":14,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":873521,"name":"Hanneke van Dijk","orcid":"0000-0002-6692-3129","position":15,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":241402,"name":"Martijn Arns","orcid":"0000-0002-0610-7613","position":16,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":771746,"name":"Helena Voetterl","orcid":"0000-0003-0342-9737","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":74,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T00:23:10.218426Z","pmid":"35240343","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}