{"doi":"10.1016/j.biosx.2024.100511","title":"Impact of bindarit, a CCL2 chemokine synthesis inhibitor, on macrophage-based biofouling and continuous glucose monitoring in vivo","abstract":"Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) using implantable glucose sensors is a critical tool in the management of diabetes. Unfortunately, current commercial glucose sensors have limited performance and lifespans in vivo , considered to be due to sensor-induced tissue reactions (inflammation, fibrosis, and vessel regression). Previously, our laboratory utilized monocyte/macrophage (Mo/MQ) deficient and depleted mice to establish a causal relationship between Mo/MQ accumulation and inflammation in glucose sensor performance in vivo . Using C–C chemokine ligand-2 (CCL2) and C–C chemokine receptor-2 (CCR2) knockout mice, we next established that deletion of this Mo/MQ chemokine family, suppressed inflammation at the sensor-tissue interface in these mice, while improving sensor performance over a 4-week post-sensor implantation, compared to normal mice. These studies underscore the importance of the CCL2 family of chemokines and receptors in Mo/MQ recruitment/activation, and sensor performance in vivo . In the present study, we systemically administered Bindarit, a CCL2 synthesis inhibitor, to assess the role of CCL2 chemokines, Mo/MQ recruitment and inflammation at sensor implantation sites, on CGM performance in vivo . These studies demonstrate that systemic administration of Bindarit substantially reduced sensor-induced inflammation, particularly MQ recruitment, preventing sensor biofouling in our CGM mouse model. These results not only confirm the major role monocytes/macrophages play, but directly demonstrate that CCL2 drives Mo/MQ recruitment and biofouling of glucose sensors in vivo . These findings support future studies incorporating Mo/MQ migration/chemotaxis inhibitors, like CCL2, on sensor coatings to improve glucose sensor accuracy and lifespan in vivo. • Loss of glucose sensor function in vivo is believed to be the result of tissue reaction-based biofouling of the sensor. • Monocyte/macrophages are histologic hallmarksof implant tissue reactions, but their role in sensor biofoulingis unknown. • In the murine model, Bindarit can inhibit monocyte/macrophage recruitment, foreign body reactions and sensor biofouling .","journal":"Biosensors and Bioelectronics X","year":2024,"id":498659,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":0,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9539,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2024-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":765437,"name":"義行 高橋","orcid":"0000-0002-8612-9598","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1345594,"name":"Izabela Godlewski","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1345595,"name":"Caroline Czajkowski","orcid":null,"position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":711611,"name":"Rong Wu","orcid":"0000-0002-4506-3764","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":739251,"name":"Geneva Hargis","orcid":null,"position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1345596,"name":"Don Kreutzer","orcid":null,"position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1104139,"name":"Ulrike Klueh","orcid":"0000-0003-1104-7704","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":866342,"name":"Roshanak Sharafieh","orcid":"0000-0003-3396-7544","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":64,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T02:09:42.181447Z","pmid":"39703931","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}