{"doi":"10.1016/j.ajt.2023.05.036","title":"Intragraft B cell differentiation during the development of tolerance to kidney allografts is associated with a regulatory B cell signature revealed by single cell transcriptomics","abstract":"Mouse kidney allografts are spontaneously accepted in select, fully mismatched donor-recipient strain combinations, like DBA/2J to C57BL/6 (B6), by natural tolerance. We previously showed accepted renal grafts form aggregates containing various immune cells within 2 weeks posttransplant, referred to as regulatory T cell–rich organized lymphoid structures, which are a novel regulatory tertiary lymphoid organ. To characterize the cells within T cell–rich organized lymphoid structures, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing on CD45+ sorted cells from accepted and rejected renal grafts from 1-week to 6-months posttransplant. Analysis of single-cell RNA sequencing data revealed a shifting from a T cell–dominant to a B cell–rich population by 6 months with an increased regulatory B cell signature. Furthermore, B cells were a greater proportion of the early infiltrating cells in accepted vs rejecting grafts. Flow cytometry of B cells at 20 weeks posttransplant revealed T cell, immunoglobulin domain and mucin domain-1+ B cells, potentially implicating a regulatory role in the maintenance of allograft tolerance. Lastly, B cell trajectory analysis revealed intragraft differentiation from precursor B cells to memory B cells in accepted allografts. In summary, we show a shifting T cell– to B cell–rich environment and a differential cellular pattern among accepted vs rejecting kidney allografts, possibly implicating B cells in the maintenance of kidney allograft acceptance.","journal":"American Journal of Transplantation","year":2023,"id":335397,"datarank":0.4566783656585135,"base_score":3.044522437723423,"endowment":3.044522437723423,"self_citation_contribution":0.4566783656585135,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.4566783656585135,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":20,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9469,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2023-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":1064811,"name":"Edward S. Szuter","orcid":"0009-0006-9046-8361","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1064812,"name":"Takahiro Yokose","orcid":"0000-0001-6946-280X","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":685400,"name":"Jifu Ge","orcid":"0000-0002-0989-4616","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":364575,"name":"Ivy A. Rosales","orcid":"0000-0003-0621-3202","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":229080,"name":"Kashish Chetal","orcid":"0000-0001-9314-5759","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":260528,"name":"Ruslan I. Sadreyev","orcid":"0000-0002-4240-5466","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1064813,"name":"Alex G. Cuenca","orcid":"0000-0002-6219-7035","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":273856,"name":"Daniel Kreisel","orcid":"0000-0002-7711-8651","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":108669,"name":"Peter T. Sage","orcid":"0000-0002-7287-0326","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":685405,"name":"Paul S. Russell","orcid":"0000-0002-1275-7348","position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":471571,"name":"Joren C. Madsen","orcid":"0000-0003-2724-1333","position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":237352,"name":"Robert B. Colvin","orcid":"0000-0002-4493-4150","position":12,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":685406,"name":"Alessandro Alessandrini","orcid":"0000-0003-0347-1927","position":13,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":504400,"name":"Michael Tyler Guinn","orcid":"0000-0002-7891-8765","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":70,"raw_metadata":{"citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-07-19T01:09:58.338267Z","pmid":"37295719","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}