{"doi":"10.1016/j.ajmo.2024.100065","title":"Collective Weakness and Fluidity in Weakness Status Associated With Basic Self-Care Limitations in Older Americans","abstract":"To examine the associations of 1) absolute and normalized weakness cut-points, 2) collective weakness categories, and 3) changes in weakness status on future activities of daily living (ADL) limitations in older Americans. The analytic sample included 11,656 participants aged ≥65-years from the 2006-2018 waves of the Health and Retirement Study. ADL were self-reported. A handgrip dynamometer measured handgrip strength (HGS). Males were classified as weak if their HGS was <35.5-kg (absolute), <0.45-kg/kg (body mass normalized), or <1.05-kg/kg/m2 (body mass index (BMI) normalized); females were considered weak if their HGS was <20.0-kg, <0.337-kg/kg, or <0.79-kg/kg/m2. Collective weakness categorized those below 1, 2, or all 3 absolute and normalized cut-points. These collective categories were also used to classify observed changes in weakness status over time (onset, persistent, progressive, recovery). Older Americans below absolute and normalized weakness cut-points had greater future ADL limitations odds: 1.34 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.22-1.47) for absolute, 1.36 (CI: 1.24-1.50) for BMI normalized, and 1.56 (CI: 1.41-1.73) for body mass normalized. Persons below 1, 2, or 3 cut-points had 1.36 (CI: 1.19-1.55), 1.60 (CI: 1.41-1.80), and 1.70 (CI: 1.50-1.92) greater odds for future ADL limitations, respectively. Those in each changing weakness classification had greater future ADL limitation odds: 1.28 (CI: 1.01-1.62) for onset, 1.53 (CI: 1.22-1.92) for persistent, 1.72 (CI: 1.36-2.19) for progressive, and 1.34 (CI: 1.08-1.66) for recovery. The presence of weakness, regardless of cut-point and change in status over time, was associated with greater odds for future ADL limitations.","journal":"American Journal of Medicine Open","year":2024,"id":479300,"datarank":0.10397207708399181,"base_score":0.6931471805599453,"endowment":0.6931471805599453,"self_citation_contribution":0.10397207708399181,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.10397207708399181,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":1,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.7698,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2024-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":339828,"name":"Soham Al Snih","orcid":"0000-0002-0681-4641","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":109435,"name":"Peggy M. Cawthon","orcid":"0000-0003-4938-9478","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":109424,"name":"Brian C. Clark","orcid":"0000-0002-6021-6431","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1108460,"name":"Halli Heimbuch","orcid":"0000-0001-9761-601X","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":409167,"name":"Mark D. Peterson","orcid":"0000-0002-9861-4275","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":980302,"name":"Yeong Rhee","orcid":null,"position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":691164,"name":"Ryan McGrath","orcid":"0000-0003-4208-1059","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":35,"raw_metadata":{"citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-07-19T02:06:50.355747Z","pmid":"38882182","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}