{"doi":"10.1007/s40121-025-01115-4","title":"Are All Pharmacokinetic Equations Created Equal? A Comparative Analysis of Trapezoidal and Non-Trapezoidal Methods for Estimating Day 1 Area Under the Curve in Adult Hospitalized Patients with Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia","abstract":"This study compared the calculated vancomycin area under the curve (AUC 0–24 ) using trapezoidal and non-trapezoidal first-order pharmacokinetic equations. This retrospective observational study included adult patients with documented MRSA bacteremia who received ≥ 48 h of intravenous vancomycin and had two consecutive serum levels after the first dose. AUC 0–24 was calculated using trapezoidal and non-trapezoidal equations. Correlation and agreement between methods were assessed using Pearson’s correlation coefficient ( r ) and Bland–Altman plots. Significant predictors ( p < 0.05) from simple linear regression were included in a multiple linear regression model to evaluate their impact on AUC 0–24 for both methods. Fifty-two patients were included. The median age was 63 years (interquartile range [IQR]: 50–73), and the median vancomycin clearance was 4 l/h (IQR: 2–6). Median vancomycin AUC 0-24 was 399 mg∙h/l (IQR: 257–674) for the trapezoidal method and 572 mg∙h/l (IQR: 466–807) for the non-trapezoidal method. There was a strong correlation between the methods ( r = 0.87 [95% CI, 0.79–1]; P < 0.01), but Bland–Altman analysis showed poor agreement, with a bias of – 198 mg∙h/l and 95% limits of agreement from – 482 to 86 mg∙h/l. In multiple linear regression, total daily dose and vancomycin clearance were independent predictors of AUC 0–24 for both methods, with a stronger impact on non-trapezoidal AUC 0-24 (adjusted R 2 = 0.70) than trapezoidal AUC 0–24 (adjusted R 2 = 0.59). Trapezoidal and non-trapezoidal equations are not interchangeable for estimating vancomycin AUC 0–24 . The trapezoidal method consistently results in lower AUC 0–24 estimates than the non-trapezoidal method.","journal":"Infectious Diseases and Therapy","year":2025,"id":543144,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":1,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9435,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2025-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":1432866,"name":"Alireza Fakhri Ravari","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":685206,"name":"Jacinda C. Abdul‐Mutakabbir","orcid":"0000-0003-4162-6408","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":757574,"name":"Karen K. Tan","orcid":"0000-0002-6239-2332","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1301497,"name":"Abdulwhab Shremo Msdi","orcid":null,"position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":19,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T02:53:00.171379Z","pmid":"39962022","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}