{"doi":"10.1007/s12975-022-01069-6","title":"Significance of Microglial Energy Metabolism in Maintaining Brain Homeostasis","abstract":"Microglia are the most prominent immune cells of the CNS and play a critical role in maintaining normal brain homeostasis through constant surveillance of the brain's microenvironment Under physiological conditions, microglia act as professional phagocytes of the CNS and aid in shaping neural circuity and plasticity throughout development Pattern recognition receptors (PPRs) expressed by microglia allow for recognition of tissue injury or disease through recognition of danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPS) or pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPS), which provide signals that regulate the change in microglial function from homeostatic to active However, in an injured brain, microglia are rapidly activated and undergo phenotypic changes that contribute to both cell damage and restoration Classically activated microglia are involved in inflammatory responses following injury Proinflammatory microglia release inflammatory cytokines and factors, such as TNF-, IL-1, IL-6, and reactive oxygen species (ROS), which contribute to neuronal injury [1]. Conversely, alternatively activated microglia are beneficial for brain repair and clearing toxic debris from the microenvironment through the release of anti-inflammatory cytokines/ chemokines, such as BDNF, VEGF-A, IL-8, and Arg1, that promote remyelination, angiogenesis, axon regeneration, and blood-brain barrier integrity Modulation of the phenotypical polarization states of microglia may allow for new therapeutic interventions for treating brain injuries and diseases.","journal":"Translational Stroke Research","year":2022,"id":243829,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":32,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9555,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2022-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":260208,"name":"Dandan Sun","orcid":"0000-0001-8548-1525","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":515652,"name":"John P. Bielanin","orcid":null,"position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":12,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T00:23:20.901576Z","pmid":"35879639","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}