{"doi":"10.1007/s12519-024-00837-8","title":"Psychosocial alterations during the COVID-19 pandemic and the global burden of anxiety and major depressive disorders in adolescents, 1990–2021: challenges in mental health amid socioeconomic disparities","abstract":null,"journal":"World Journal of Pediatrics","year":2024,"id":631569,"datarank":1.4255701881428995,"base_score":4.204692619390966,"endowment":4.204692619390966,"self_citation_contribution":0.6307038929086449,"citation_network_contribution":0.7948662952342546,"self_endowment_contribution":0.6307038929086449,"citer_contribution":0.7948662952342546,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":66,"citer_count":58,"citers_with_citation_signal":32,"citers_with_endowment":32,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":null,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":false,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":null,"fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":1636811,"name":"Jiyoung Hwang","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1082033,"name":"Jun Hyuk Lee","orcid":"0009-0006-0358-4760","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1194114,"name":"Jaeyu Park","orcid":"0009-0005-2009-386X","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":785613,"name":"Hyeon Jin Kim","orcid":"0000-0003-1401-9258","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1375216,"name":"Yejun Son","orcid":null,"position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":284199,"name":"Hans Oh","orcid":"0000-0002-8458-8723","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":681,"name":"Lee Smith","orcid":"0000-0002-5340-9833","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1216138,"name":"Jiseung Kang","orcid":"0000-0002-3734-7572","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1366684,"name":"Guillaume Fond","orcid":"0000-0003-3249-2030","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":32060,"name":"Laurent Boyer","orcid":"0000-0002-2608-6696","position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1081812,"name":"Masoud Rahmati","orcid":"0000-0003-4792-027X","position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1081814,"name":"Mark A. Tully","orcid":"0000-0001-9710-4014","position":12,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":675,"name":"Damiano Pizzol","orcid":"0000-0003-4122-0774","position":13,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1636813,"name":"Raphael Udeh","orcid":null,"position":14,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1274027,"name":"Jinseok Lee","orcid":"0000-0002-8580-490X","position":15,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1274025,"name":"Hayeon Lee","orcid":"0009-0000-2403-6241","position":16,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":462093,"name":"Sooji Lee","orcid":"0009-0002-1413-378X","position":17,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":37460,"name":"Dong Keon Yon","orcid":"0000-0003-1628-9948","position":18,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1374529,"name":"Soeun Kim","orcid":"0009-0009-5874-417X","position":0,"is_corresponding":false}],"reference_count":0,"raw_metadata":{"has_enrichment":true,"resolved":true,"title":"Psychosocial alterations during the COVID-19 pandemic and the global burden of anxiety and major depressive disorders in adolescents, 1990–2021: challenges in mental health amid socioeconomic disparities","abstract":"<h4>Background</h4>The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, a global health crisis, profoundly impacted all aspects of daily life. Adolescence, a pivotal stage of psychological and social development, is heavily influenced by the psychosocial and socio-cultural context. Hence, it is imperative to thoroughly understand the psychosocial changes adolescents experienced during the pandemic and implement effective management initiatives.<h4>Data sources</h4>We examined the incidence rates of depressive and anxiety disorders among adolescents aged 10-19 years globally and regionally. We utilized data from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2021 to compare pre-pandemic (2018-2019) and pandemic (2020-2021) periods. Our investigation covered 204 countries and territories across the six World Health Organization regions. We conducted a comprehensive literature search using databases including PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Google Scholar, employing search terms such as \"psychosocial\", \"adolescent\", \"youth\", \"risk factors\", \"COVID-19 pandemic\", \"prevention\", and \"intervention\".<h4>Results</h4>During the pandemic, the mental health outcomes of adolescents deteriorated, particularly in terms of depressive and anxiety disorders. According to GBD 2021, the incidence rate of anxiety disorders increased from 720.26 [95% uncertainty intervals (UI) = 548.90-929.19] before the COVID-19 pandemic (2018-2019) to 880.87 per 100,000 people (95% UI = 670.43-1132.58) during the COVID-19 pandemic (2020-2021). Similarly, the incidence rate of major depressive disorder increased from 2333.91 (95% UI = 1626.92-3138.55) before the COVID-19 pandemic to 3030.49 per 100,000 people (95% UI = 2096.73-4077.73) during the COVID-19 pandemic. This worsening was notably pronounced in high-income countries (HICs). Rapid environmental changes, including heightened social anxiety, school closures, economic crises, and exacerbated racism, have been shown to adversely affect the mental well-being of adolescents.<h4>Conclusions</h4>The abrupt shift to remote learning and the absence of in-person social interactions heightened feelings of loneliness, anxiety, sadness, and stress among adolescents. This change magnified existing socioeconomic disparities, posing additional challenges. These complexities profoundly impact adolescents' well-being, especially vulnerable groups like those from HICs, females, and minorities. Acknowledging the underreporting bias in low- to middle-income countries highlights the importance of addressing these mental health alterations in assessments and interventions within these regions as well. Urgent interventions are crucial as the pandemic-induced mental stress may have lasting effects on adolescents' mental health.","is_dataset_classified":null,"base_score":4.204692619390966,"endowment":4.204692619390966,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"views":0,"has_version_chain":false,"is_dataset":false,"is_oa":false,"pmid":"39162949","pmcid":null,"openalex_id":"https://openalex.org/W4401715358","authors":[],"funders":[{"funder_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","grant_id":"RS-2023-00248157","title":null}],"total_grants":1,"fwci":32.3499,"citation_percentile":0.99908335,"influential_citations":0,"citation_trend":[{"year":2024,"count":8},{"year":2025,"count":40},{"year":2026,"count":18}],"oa_status":"green","license":"other-oa","oa_locations":[{"url":"https://pure.ulster.ac.uk/ws/files/209351800/WJP_AAM.pdf","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://pure.ulster.ac.uk/ws/files/209351800/WJP_AAM.pdf","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12519-024-00837-8.pdf","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12519-024-00837-8/fulltext.html","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://pure.ulster.ac.uk/en/publications/254e5621-9ea5-456f-b9e8-8b1974a9fad4","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12519-024-00837-8","host_type":"journal"},{"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39162949","host_type":"repository"}],"fields_of_study":["COVID-19 and Mental Health","Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development","COVID-19 epidemiological studies","Humans","COVID-19","Adolescent","Major Depressive Disorder","Global Health","Anxiety Disorders","Incidence","Child","Socioeconomic Factors","Pandemics","Mental Health","Young Adult","Global Burden of Disease","Female","Socioeconomic Disparities in Health"],"mesh_terms":["Global Burden of Disease","COVID-19","Socioeconomic Disparities in Health","Adolescent","Anxiety Disorders","Child","Depressive Disorder, Major","Major Depressive Disorder","Female","Humans","Mental Health","Socioeconomic Factors","Global Health","Incidence","Young Adult","Pandemics"],"keywords":["Psychosocial","Pandemic","Mental health","Medicine","Anxiety","Context (archaeology)","Psychiatry","Socioeconomic status","Depression (economics)","Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)","Disease","Environmental health","Population","Infectious disease (medical specialty)","Adolescents","Global"],"sdg_mappings":[{"sdg_number":0,"sdg_label":"Good health and well-being"}],"linked_datasets":[],"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"database_accessions":[],"source":"live","citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-08-06T00:03:25.302139Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}