{"doi":"10.1007/s12020-020-02412-3","title":"Gluten intake and risk of thyroid peroxidase autoantibodies in the Diabetes Autoimmunity Study In the Young (DAISY)","abstract":null,"journal":"Endocrine","year":2020,"id":635913,"datarank":0.16479184330021646,"base_score":1.0986122886681096,"endowment":1.0986122886681096,"self_citation_contribution":0.16479184330021646,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.16479184330021646,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":2,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":null,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":false,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":null,"fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":11302,"name":"Randi K. Johnson","orcid":"0000-0001-9345-4439","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":315619,"name":"Fran Dong","orcid":"0009-0009-1456-8776","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":514715,"name":"Michelle Hoffman","orcid":"0000-0003-1078-6740","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":96015,"name":"Andrea K. Steck","orcid":"0000-0002-5931-9484","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":96013,"name":"Brigitte I. Frohnert","orcid":"0000-0002-6636-4048","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":95828,"name":"Marian Rewers","orcid":"0000-0003-3829-9207","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":230361,"name":"Jill M. Norris","orcid":"0000-0001-8674-2598","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1650060,"name":"Jacqueline A. Gardner","orcid":null,"position":0,"is_corresponding":false}],"reference_count":0,"raw_metadata":{"has_enrichment":true,"resolved":true,"title":"Gluten intake and risk of thyroid peroxidase autoantibodies in the Diabetes Autoimmunity Study In the Young (DAISY)","abstract":"<h4>Purpose</h4>Autoimmune diseases co-occur, perhaps due to common risk factors. The age at gluten introduction and gluten intake in early childhood has been associated with the autoimmunity preceding celiac disease (CD) and type-1 diabetes (T1D). We explored their associations with the development of thyroid autoimmunity.<h4>Methods</h4>DAISY has prospectively followed children at increased risk for T1D and CD since 1993. During follow-up, 107 children developed thyroid autoimmunity, defined as positivity for autoantibodies against thyroid peroxidase on at least two study visits. Age at gluten introduction was ascertained from food history interviews every 3 months until 15 months of age. Gluten intake (g/day) at age 1-2 years was estimated using a food frequency questionnaire.<h4>Results</h4>From multivariable Cox regression, there was no association between the age of gluten introduction nor the amount of gluten intake and development of thyroid autoimmunity. However, females (hazard ratio = 2.19, 95% CI: 1.46, 3.27) and cases of islet autoimmunity (HR = 2.20, 95% CI: 1.39, 3.50) were significantly more likely to develop thyroid autoimmunity, while exposure to environmental tobacco smoke decreased the risk (HR = 0.46, 95% CI: 0.30, 0.71).<h4>Conclusions</h4>Neither the age of gluten introduction nor the amount of gluten consumed in early childhood is associated with risk of thyroid autoimmunity.","is_dataset_classified":null,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"views":0,"has_version_chain":false,"is_dataset":false,"is_oa":false,"pmid":"32651851","pmcid":"PMC7584755","openalex_id":null,"authors":[],"funders":[{"funder_name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases","grant_id":"R01-DK32493","title":null},{"funder_name":"NIDDK NIH HHS","grant_id":"R01 DK104351","title":null},{"funder_name":"NIDDK NIH HHS","grant_id":"R01 DK032493","title":null},{"funder_name":"Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, I.P.","grant_id":"PTDC/CCI-INF/6762/2020","title":"MS3: New foundations for micro-services and serverless systems"},{"funder_name":"National Institutes of Health","grant_id":"1R01DK104351-01","title":"Nutrigenetics & -genomics of Vitamin D and Omega-3 Fatty Acids in Type 1 Diabetes"},{"funder_name":"National Institutes of Health","grant_id":"5R01DK032493-06","title":"COLORADO INSULIN-DEPENDENT DIABETES MELLITUS REGISTRY"}],"total_grants":6,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"citation_trend":[],"oa_status":"green","license":"Springer TDM","oa_locations":[{"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7584755","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12020-020-02412-3.pdf","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12020-020-02412-3/fulltext.html","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12020-020-02412-3","host_type":""},{"url":"https://europepmc.org/articles/pmc7584755?pdf=render","host_type":""},{"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32651851","host_type":""},{"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12020-020-02412-3","host_type":""}],"fields_of_study":["03 medical and health sciences","0302 clinical medicine"],"mesh_terms":["Humans","Celiac Disease","Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1","Iodide Peroxidase","Peroxidase","Autoantibodies","Risk Factors","Autoimmunity","Child","Child, Preschool","Infant","Female","Glutens"],"keywords":["Gluten","Thyroid peroxidase","Environmental Tobacco Smoke","Thyroid Autoimmunity","Infant Diet","Glutens","Infant","Autoimmunity","Iodide Peroxidase","Celiac Disease","Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1","Risk Factors","Child, Preschool","Humans","Female","Child","Autoantibodies","Peroxidase"],"sdg_mappings":[{"sdg_number":3,"sdg_label":"3. Good health"}],"linked_datasets":[],"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"database_accessions":[{"name":"doi"}],"source":"live","citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-08-06T15:49:11.484549Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}