{"doi":"10.1007/s00259-025-07115-3","title":"Efficacy of radiolabelled PD-L1-targeted nanobody in predicting and evaluating the combined immunotherapy and chemotherapy for resectable non-small cell lung cancer","abstract":null,"journal":"European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging","year":2025,"id":648524,"datarank":0.480170583136437,"base_score":2.302585092994046,"endowment":2.302585092994046,"self_citation_contribution":0.3453877639491069,"citation_network_contribution":0.1347828191873301,"self_endowment_contribution":0.3453877639491069,"citer_contribution":0.1347828191873301,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":9,"citer_count":9,"citers_with_citation_signal":4,"citers_with_endowment":4,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":null,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":false,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":null,"fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":419053,"name":"Shi Yan","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1690148,"name":"Xiaopan Ma","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":141462,"name":"Hua Zhu","orcid":null,"position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":103944,"name":"Bing Liu","orcid":"0000-0002-6624-1128","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1199044,"name":"Xin Yang","orcid":"0000-0003-2019-6568","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1690155,"name":"Bing Jia","orcid":null,"position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1090347,"name":"Zhi Yang","orcid":"0000-0002-2222-2312","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1084677,"name":"Nan Wu","orcid":"0000-0002-3531-1656","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":630621,"name":"Nan Li","orcid":"0000-0001-8619-7550","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":280981,"name":"Xin Zhou","orcid":"0000-0003-4015-4787","position":0,"is_corresponding":false}],"reference_count":0,"raw_metadata":{"has_enrichment":true,"resolved":true,"title":"Efficacy of radiolabelled PD-L1-targeted nanobody in predicting and evaluating the combined immunotherapy and chemotherapy for resectable non-small cell lung cancer","abstract":"<h4>Background</h4>This study aimed to assess the predictive and evaluative value of PD-L1 targeted <sup>68</sup>Ga-THP-APN09 PET/CT in the neoadjuvant immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy for resectable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and to explore its potential in indicating immunotherapy-related adverse effects (irAEs).<h4>Methods</h4>Fifty patients with resectable NSCLC enrolled in this prospective study underwent baseline <sup>68</sup>Ga-THP-APN09 PET/CT and <sup>18</sup>F-FDG PET/CT, with follow-up <sup>18</sup>F-FDG PET/CT conducted, additionally, 36 patients received follow-up <sup>68</sup>Ga-THP-APN09 PET/CT. Surgery was performed following 2-4 cycles of toripalimab combined with chemotherapy if R0 resection was feasible. The major pathologic response (MPR) state of the post-operative specimen and the adverse effects following combined therapy were documented. The correlation between PD-L1 expression and baseline <sup>68</sup>Ga-THP-APN09 PET/CT uptake was determined. The predictive and evaluative efficacies of baseline and follow-up <sup>68</sup>Ga-THP-APN09 PET/CT, along with <sup>18</sup>F-FDG PET/CT, in determining MPR, were compared.<h4>Results</h4>The SUV<sub>max</sub> values of baseline <sup>68</sup>Ga-THP-APN09 PET/CT were significantly higher in patients exhibiting high-positive PD-L1 expression compared to those with low-positive and negative expression (P = 0.001). And the SUV<sub>max</sub> values of baseline <sup>68</sup>Ga-THP-APN09 PET/CT in the response group, as determined by <sup>18</sup>F-FDG PET/CT evaluation, were significantly higher than those in the non-response group (3.4 vs. 2.4, P < 0.001). Totally, 41 patients underwent surgery, of which 27 achieved MPR, while 14 did not. The SUV<sub>max</sub> in baseline <sup>68</sup>Ga-THP-APN09 PET/CT demonstrated statistical significance between the MPR and non-MPR groups, with area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.88 (95%CI: 0.77-0.99) in identifying MPR. However, the SUV<sub>max</sub> in baseline <sup>18</sup>F-FDG PET/CT failed to demonstrated significant predictive power, with AUC values of 0.68 (95%CI: 0.50-0.86, P = 0.076). While the SUV<sub>max</sub> in follow-up <sup>68</sup>Ga-THP-APN09 and <sup>18</sup>F-FDG PET/CT, along with their change rate (ΔSUV<sub>max</sub>%), demonstrated good predictive efficacy in identifying MPR, with AUC values of 0.81 (0.64-0.98), 0.91 (0.82-1.00), 0.93 (0.84-1.00), and 0.96 (0.89-1.00), respectively. Furthermore, the follow-up <sup>68</sup>Ga-THP-APN09 PET/CT could remarkedly indicate the potential for thyroiditis.<h4>Conclusion</h4>Baseline <sup>68</sup>Ga-THP-APN09 PET/CT alone could predict efficacy and assist in patient screening for immunotherapy combined chemotherapy in resectable NSCLC, and the follow-up <sup>68</sup>Ga-THP-APN09 PET/CT and their change rates could aid in therapy evaluation. Additionally, follow-up <sup>68</sup>Ga-THP-APN09 PET/CT could be utilized to monitor the immunotherapy-related thyroiditis during the therapy.<h4>Trial registration</h4>NCT05156515, registered 8 December 2021, https://register.<h4>Clinicaltrials</h4>gov/prs/app/action/SelectProtocol?sid=S000BMSI%26;selectaction=Edit%26;uid=U000503E%26;ts=2%26;cx=zeghuw .","is_dataset_classified":null,"base_score":2.302585092994046,"endowment":2.302585092994046,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"views":0,"has_version_chain":false,"is_dataset":false,"is_oa":false,"pmid":"39912938","pmcid":null,"openalex_id":"https://openalex.org/W4407167583","authors":[],"funders":[{"funder_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","grant_id":"82402318","title":null},{"funder_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","grant_id":"82472015","title":null},{"funder_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","grant_id":"82373082","title":null},{"funder_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","grant_id":"82303583","title":null},{"funder_name":"Beijing Hospitals Authority’s Ascent Plan","grant_id":"DFL20241103","title":null},{"funder_name":"Capital’s Funds for Health Improvement and Research","grant_id":"No. 2022-2Z-2155","title":null},{"funder_name":"Capital’s Funds for Health Improvement and Research","grant_id":"2024-2-2153","title":null},{"funder_name":"Capital’s Funds for Health Improvement and Research","grant_id":"2024-1-1023, 2022-02-1023","title":null},{"funder_name":"Beijing Research Ward Excellence Program","grant_id":"BRWEP2024W032150102","title":null},{"funder_name":"National Key Research and Development Program","grant_id":"2022YFC2409405","title":null},{"funder_name":"Beijing Natural Science Foundation","grant_id":"L222020, L248048","title":null},{"funder_name":"Science Foundation of Peking University Cancer Hospital","grant_id":"2022-05, 2022-11","title":null},{"funder_name":"National Ten-thousand Talent Program","grant_id":"National Ten-thousand Talent Program","title":null},{"funder_name":"Science Foundation of Peking University Cancer Hospital","grant_id":"PY202311","title":null}],"total_grants":14,"fwci":4.4333,"citation_percentile":0.9515938,"influential_citations":0,"citation_trend":[{"year":2025,"count":3},{"year":2026,"count":6}],"oa_status":"closed","license":"https://www.springernature.com/gp/researchers/text-and-data-mining","oa_locations":[{"url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00259-025-07115-3.pdf","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00259-025-07115-3/fulltext.html","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00259-025-07115-3","host_type":"journal"},{"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39912938","host_type":"repository"}],"fields_of_study":["Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarkers","Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry and Applications","Immunotherapy and Immune Responses"],"mesh_terms":["Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography","Adult","Aged","Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung","Female","Gallium Radioisotopes","Humans","Immunotherapy","Isotope Labeling","Lung Neoplasms","Male","Middle Aged","Treatment Outcome","B7-H1 Antigen"],"keywords":["Medicine","Immunotherapy","Chemotherapy","Lung cancer","Oncology","Internal medicine","Cancer research","Lung","Cancer","Pet/ct","Neoadjuvant Immunotherapy","Toripalimab","Resectable Nsclc","68Ga-thp-apn09"],"sdg_mappings":[{"sdg_number":0,"sdg_label":"Good health and well-being"}],"linked_datasets":[],"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"database_accessions":[{"name":"nct"}],"source":"live","citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-08-10T02:42:11.143717Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}