{"doi":"10.1007/s00239-014-9615-2","title":"The Origin and Evolution of Vertebrate Glycine Transporters","abstract":null,"journal":"Journal of Molecular Evolution","year":2014,"id":688167,"datarank":0.29188652235829704,"base_score":1.9459101490553132,"endowment":1.9459101490553132,"self_citation_contribution":0.29188652235829704,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.29188652235829704,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":6,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":null,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":false,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":null,"fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":1797772,"name":"Luciana Girotto Gentil","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":788593,"name":"Manuel Miranda","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1167058,"name":"Max Shpak","orcid":"0000-0003-4225-7341","position":0,"is_corresponding":false}],"reference_count":0,"raw_metadata":{"has_enrichment":true,"resolved":true,"title":"The Origin and Evolution of Vertebrate Glycine Transporters","abstract":"In the vertebrate central nervous system, glycinergic neurotransmission is regulated by the action of the glycine transporters 1 and 2 (GlyT1 and GlyT2)--members of the solute carrier family 6 (SLC6). Several invertebrate deuterostomes have two paralogous glycine carrier genes, with one gene in the pair having greater sequence identity and higher alignment scores with respect to GlyT1 and the other paralog showing greater similarity to GlyT2. In phylogenetic trees, GlyT2-like sequences from invertebrate deuterostomes form a monophyletic subclade with vertebrate GlyT2, while invertebrate GlyT1-like proteins constitute an outgroup to both the GlyT2-like proteins and to vertebrate GlyT1 sequences. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that vertebrate GlyT1 and GlyT2 are, respectively, derived from GlyT1- and GlyT2-like genes in invertebrate deuterostomes. This implies that the gene duplication which gave rise to these paralogs occurred prior to the origin of vertebrates. GlyT2 subsequently diverged significantly from its invertebrate orthologs (i.e., through the acquisition of a unique N-terminus) as a consequence of functional specialization, being expressed principally in the lower CNS; while GlyT1 has activity in both the lower CNS and several regions of the forebrain.","is_dataset_classified":null,"base_score":1.9459101490553132,"endowment":1.9459101490553132,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"views":0,"has_version_chain":false,"is_dataset":false,"is_oa":false,"pmid":"24619162","pmcid":null,"openalex_id":"https://openalex.org/W2018600661","authors":[],"funders":[{"funder_name":"NIMH NIH HHS","grant_id":"5SC1MH 086070-04","title":"Insights into the Regulation of the Glycine Transporter 1 (GlyT1)"},{"funder_name":"NIDA NIH HHS","grant_id":"DA029989","title":null}],"total_grants":2,"fwci":0.0,"citation_percentile":0.08437002,"influential_citations":0,"citation_trend":[{"year":2019,"count":1},{"year":2020,"count":1},{"year":2021,"count":2},{"year":2026,"count":2}],"oa_status":"closed","license":"Springer TDM","oa_locations":[{"url":"http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00239-014-9615-2.pdf","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00239-014-9615-2/fulltext.html","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00239-014-9615-2","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00239-014-9615-2","host_type":"journal"},{"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24619162","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00239-014-9615-2","host_type":""}],"fields_of_study":["Amino Acid Enzymes and Metabolism","Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research","Photoreceptor and optogenetics research","0301 basic medicine","0303 health sciences","03 medical and health sciences"],"mesh_terms":["Animals","Chromosome Mapping","Humans","Phylogeny","Vertebrates","Sequence Alignment","Evolution, Molecular","Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins","GABA Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins","Glycine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins"],"keywords":["Biology","Vertebrate","Evolutionary biology","Biological evolution","Molecular evolution","Macroevolution","Evolution of mammals","Transporter","Genetics","Phylogenetics","Computational biology","Gene","Evolution, Molecular","GABA Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins","Glycine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins","Vertebrates","Animals","Chromosome Mapping","Humans","Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins","Sequence Alignment","Phylogeny"],"sdg_mappings":[],"linked_datasets":[],"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"database_accessions":[],"source":"live","citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-08-19T13:41:04.820200Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}