{"doi":"10.1007/pl00000613","title":"Establishment of polarities in the oocyte of Xenopus laevis: the provisional axial symmetry of the full-grown oocyte of Xenopus laevis","abstract":null,"journal":"Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences CMLS","year":1997,"id":588240,"datarank":1.2176711585757325,"base_score":2.833213344056216,"endowment":2.833213344056216,"self_citation_contribution":0.42498200160843247,"citation_network_contribution":0.7926891569673,"self_endowment_contribution":0.42498200160843247,"citer_contribution":0.7926891569673,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":16,"citer_count":16,"citers_with_citation_signal":14,"citers_with_endowment":14,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":null,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":false,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":null,"fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":1504858,"name":"G. A. Ubbels","orcid":null,"position":0,"is_corresponding":false}],"reference_count":0,"raw_metadata":{"has_enrichment":true,"resolved":true,"title":"Establishment of polarities in the oocyte of Xenopus laevis: the provisional axial symmetry of the full-grown oocyte of Xenopus laevis","abstract":"We aimed at understanding of formation and function of the \"Nieuwkoop Centre\" in embryonic pattern formation. Discussed are data on genesis of cytoplasmic localizations in ovarian oocytes, transient modifications of cytoskeletal structures creating cytoplasmic asymmetries in fertilized eggs, the axis determining \"vegetal cortical rotation\" and fate of distinct cells, as shown by injection of specific molecular markers into particular blastomeres at specific times. Egg rotation and centrifugation suggested that sperm that gravity cooperate in symmetrization of the axially symmetrical anuran egg. After fertilization in space or in a fast rotating clinostate, axis formation and embryonic development were normal although the blastocoel was transiently abnormal. Normal tadpoles came back on Earth after ovulation, fertilization and culture in space. They metamorphosed normally and got healthy Earth-born F1 offspring. We conclude that neither sperm nor gravity are required for determination of the bilateral symmetry in the embryo of Xenopus laevis. In normal development sperm and gravity, either alone or in collaboration, may overrule an initial bilaterality inherent to, the full-grown oocyte, residing in some still unidentified component(s)/or mechanisms.","is_dataset_classified":null,"base_score":2.833213344056216,"endowment":2.833213344056216,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"views":0,"has_version_chain":false,"is_dataset":false,"is_oa":false,"pmid":"9137628","pmcid":"PMC11147181","openalex_id":"https://openalex.org/W2001238464","authors":[],"funders":[{"funder_name":"Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO)","grant_id":"013","title":"µaega - Sweat sensing for noninvasive health monitoring"}],"total_grants":1,"fwci":0.3523,"citation_percentile":0.55689233,"influential_citations":0,"citation_trend":[{"year":2017,"count":1},{"year":2022,"count":1},{"year":2024,"count":1}],"oa_status":"green","license":"Springer TDM","oa_locations":[{"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/11147181","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/11147181","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/PL00000613.pdf","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/PL00000613/fulltext.html","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/PL00000613","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/pl00000613","host_type":"journal"},{"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9137628","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/pl00000613","host_type":""}],"fields_of_study":["Microtubule and mitosis dynamics","Reproductive Biology and Fertility","Cellular Mechanics and Interactions","Chemistry","Medicine","Biology","0301 basic medicine","0303 health sciences","03 medical and health sciences","Animals","Cell Polarity","Embryo, Mammalian","Embryo, Nonmammalian","Embryonic Induction","Female","Gravitation","Male","Microtubules","Mitochondria","Oocytes","Ovary","RNA, Messenger","Space Flight","Sperm-Ovum Interactions","Xenopus laevis"],"mesh_terms":["Animals","Embryo, Mammalian","Embryo, Nonmammalian","Embryonic Induction","Female","Gravitation","Male","Microtubules","Mitochondria","Oocytes","Ovary","RNA, Messenger","Space Flight","Sperm-Ovum Interactions","Xenopus laevis","Cell Polarity"],"keywords":["Xenopus","Oocyte","Blastomere","Biology","Human fertilization","Blastocoel","Cell biology","Sperm","Embryo","Anatomy","Cytoplasm","Embryogenesis","Genetics","Gastrulation","Embryonic Induction","Male","Sperm-Ovum Interactions","Embryo, Nonmammalian","Ovary","Cell Polarity","Space Flight","Embryo, Mammalian","Microtubules","Mitochondria","Xenopus laevis","Oocytes","Animals","Female","RNA, Messenger","Gravitation"],"sdg_mappings":[{"sdg_number":0,"sdg_label":"Life in Land"}],"linked_datasets":[],"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"database_accessions":[],"source":"live","citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-07-19T21:39:53.212205Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}